Etiology And Fungicide Screening Of Fungal Diseases On Eight Medicinal Plants In Jilin Province

Medicinal plants have extensively medicinal and production value. With the developmentof Chinese traditional medicine market, introduction and domestication of different kinds ofmedicinal plants, the kinds of medicinal plants become more and more colorful, planting area ofmedicinal plants gradually expanded, coupling with changes in cultivation mode and weatherconditions, many new diseases appearred constantly and brought the great influence on theproduction of medicinal plants. Therefore, it is very important to identify the pathogens causingthe diseases, to study their biological characteristics and select effective chemicals andbiocontrol agents to control the diseases. In this study, fungal diseases of eight kinds ofmedicinal plants in Jilin Province were conducted a preliminary study, and main results asfollows:1. Nine diseases on medicinal plants, which were Alternaria black spot of Isatis indigoticaand Armoracia rusticana, red spot of Rheum undulatum, Phoma leaf spot of Phlomis tuberoseand Lagedium sibiricum, ring rot of Arctium lappa, white spot of Armoracia rusticana, andanthracnose of Malva crispa and Rumex crispus were reported and the symptoms of ninediseases were described in detail.2. According to disease symptoms, morphology, ITS-rDNA sequence analysis of thepathogens, referencing to the relevant literatures, the pathogen of black spot of Isatis indigoticawas identified as Alternaria brassicicola, the pathogen of red spot of Rheum undulatum wasidentified as Phoma rhei, the pathogen of leaf spot of Phlomis tuberose was identified as Phomatropica, the pathogen of anthracnose of Rumex crispus was identified as Colletotrichumdestructivum, the pathogen of leaf spot of Lagedium sibiricum was identified asStaqonosporopsis liqulicola, the pathogen of ring rot of Arctium lappa was identified asStaqonosporopsis liqulicola, the pathogen of black spot of Armoracia rusticana was identifiedas Alternaria brassicae, the pathogen of white spot of Armoracia rusticana was identified ascercospora Armoracia and the pathogen of anthracnose of Malva crispa was identified asColletotrichum trifolii.3. Biological characteristics of six pathogens which leading to black spot of Isatis indigotica,red spot of Rheum undulatum, leaf spot of Phlomis tuberosa and Lagedium sibiricum,anthracnose of Rumex crispus, ring rot of Arctium lappa were studied. The influences of different temperatures, pH, media, carbon sources, nitrogen sources and light conditions on thepathogen growth, spore production and spore germination were tested; Lethal temperatures ofmycelium and spores of the pathogens were determined.4. The fungicides were screened indoor for controlling black spot of Isatis indigotica, redspot of Rheum undulatum by mycelium growth rate method. Chemical and biocontrol agents forinhibiting two pathogens better were screened and laid a scientificfoundation for control of thetwo diseases in the fieldIn the above diseases,red spot of Rheum undulatum caused by Phoma rhei, Phoma causeleaf spot of Phlomis tuberosa and Lagedium sibiricum caused by Phoma tropica AndStaqonosporopsis liqulicola,respectively, ring rot of Arctium lappa caused by Staqonosporopsisliqulicola, anthracnose of Rumex crispus caused by Colletotrichum destructivum were notreported in the world; The pathogen of black spot of Isatis indigotica was first identified asAlternaria brassicicola; Anthracnose of Malva crispa caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, blackand white spot of Armoracia rustican caused by Alternaria brassicae and Cercospora armoraci,respectively, were first report in china.