| The research was conducted on the ecological competition and soil environmental safety in the transgenic sugarcanes mediated with SrMV-P1 gene. Ecological competition is mainly reflected through the evaluation on the viabilities of sugarcanes exposed to water and low temperature stress. The soil environmental safety of the transgenic sugarcane mediated with SrMV-P1 gene was evaluated on the soil microorganism, conductivity, pH and soil enzyme activities on the continuous research of Yunxia Fu and Bixia Zheng.The results were showed as followed:Soil water content was initially fast and later slow decline when water ceased. There had no differences in soil water content in the soil of pots where transgenic sugarcane clones TF53, TF64, P7 and receptor species FN 95-1702 planted, indicated the consistent conditions. There had also no difference in the leaves water content in the tested plants, showing the consistent in their water-retention capacity of leaves and water-uptake ability of roots. Chlorophyll content decreased in the leaves exposed to water stress. Transgenic sugarcane clones, such as TF53, TF64, P7, were remarkably lower than receptor species on Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Chlorophyll a+b contents. The decrement in TF53 was significantly lower than that in receptor species on Chlorophyll a/b. There were no differences on Chlorophyll a/b in TF64, P7 and FN95-1702. Carotenoid content of leaves increased in the tested plants. The increments of carotenoid in TF53 and P7 were remarkably higher than that in FN95-1702. No differences of carotenoid were found in TF64 and FN95-1702. MDA content increased when the transgenic plants were exposed to water stress. The increment in TF53 was significantly higher than that in FN95-1702. The increments in P7 and TF64 were significantly lower than those in FN95-1702. SOD activities decreased when water ceased. No differences of SOD activities were found in TF53, TF64, P7 and FN95-1702. POD activities firstly increased and then decreased when water ceased. The decrements in TF53, TF64, P7 were remarkably lower than FN95-1702 on POD activities. CAT activities increased when water ceased. There were no differences in CAT activities on TF53, TF64 and FN95-1702, except that in P7.Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b contents in TF64, P7 did not change significantly when exposed to low temperature, but FN95-1702 and TF53 firstly increased and then decreased on Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b contents. The increments in TF64, TF53 were remarkably lower than those in FN95-1702 on Chlorophyll a+b, but P7 and FN95-1702 had no difference. No differences were found in TF64, TF53 and FN95-1702 on Carotenoid content, but P7 was significantly lower than FN95-1702. MDA content did not change significantly in the fifth day after water ceased, but MDA content increased remarkably in the tenth day after water ceased. The increments of MDA in TF53 and TF64 were remarkably lower than those of FN95-1702, but P7 was significantly higher. The research on protective enzyme system indicated that: POD activities did not change significantly in the fifth day, but POD activities increased remarkably in the tenth day. There were no differences in the POD activities in TF64, P7 and FN95-1702, but TF53 was significantly higher. SOD variations were similar as POD, except that no differences of SOD were found in TF53, TF64, P7 and FN95-1702. CAT activities firstly decreased and then increased, but no differences were found in the tested plants TF53, TF64, P7 and FN95-1702. PSâ…¡activities and quantum yield of photosynthesis decreased when exposed to low temperature stress. The decrement in P7 was remarkably lower than that in FN95-1702 on PSâ…¡activities and quantum yield of photosynthesis. No differences were found in TF64, TF53 and FN95-1702. qP increased, but qN decreased. TF64, TF53 and FN95-1702 had no difference in qP, but P7 was significantly lower than that in FN95-1702 on qP. There were no differences of qN in TF64, P7 and FN95-1702, but TF53 was significantly higher than that in FN95-1702.Based on the 4 year's studies, TF53 and TF64 were a few influences on soil urease activities, sucrase activities in transgenic sugarcanes mediated with SrMV-P1 gene, but the influences were small. There were no difference on soil acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities in transgenic sugarcanes. Soil urease activities, sucrase activities and acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities were affected in the soil where P7 planted. In terms of soil conductivity and pH, there were influences on soil conductivity, and the trends were very complicated. The transgenic sugarcane may influence the soil pH, but the pH were always in range of weak acid which are suitable for sugarcanes'growth. In terms of the number of soil microorganism, there were influences on the number of soil bacterium and eumycete in transgenic sugarcanes, but they had less influences on the number of soil actinomyces.
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