Research On Physico-geographical Condition Of Tea Plants In Gushi Tea Region, Henan Province

The 21st century is the time of health and diet, and the tea which is regard as a kind of green food has been gradually concerned by people, so the study on the growth environment of tea plant goes deeper. In this paper, based on the field work, data analysis and beginning with climate, topography,soil and so on, we took tea plant of north subtropical zone in Gushi tea region, Henan province as study object and investigated how the ecological environment effected the growth of tea plant so as to further reveal the factors that effected on the yield and quality of the tea in this area and serve the tea production.By studying the climate condition, we found that the≥10℃active accumulated temperature, the mean temperature and soil temperature of 5cm and 25cm in this tea region are lower than higher-yielding regions at home, led to the delay of begin plucking of the tea garden, the reduction of times of cycle plucking and the low per unit area yield of the tea, and also led to advance the quality of tea in certain extent. The annual precipitation in this region is moderate and monthly precipitation is comfort to the physiological requirements of the tea plants. Besides, high air humidity, superior cloud and mist, excessive temperature differentials, long light application time are all beneficial to advance the quality of the tea.The altitude of the tea region is between 419m and 603m and relatively low and coincides with the thermal zone. The site selection lies in aspect and slope of the main garden are rational but there are also some disadvantages, such as the strong ground reflection, relatively low thermal capacity, inferior microclimate condition, limited ability to adjust temperature. The physicochemical property of the soil in this region is well and with abundant nourishment, but it lacks phosphorus because the content of total phosphorus and rapidly available phosphorus is low so it should be manured additional phosphate fertilizer. The PH value is high than higher -yielding regions at home, which affected the per unit area yield of the tea. The soil is rich in trace elements and low in heavy metal, which accords with the standard of soil environment of organic tea garden.In total, the per unit area yield of tea in this region is low but the quality is superior. The spring tea is superior both in quantity and quality; the yield of summer tea is moderate, autumn tea yields lower and tastes bitter and astringent.