Research Of Hydraulic Losses Of Sprinkler Head Of Hard Hose Traveler

Water is the finally basic element during our life process, nature resource of water is the important basic resource of civil economics and social development. As the contradiction of supply and demand of the water resource all over the world more serious day by day, agriculture of economizing on water become one of focus questions of the world, technique of irrigation of economizing on water is imperative. As a agricultural country that has a long history, our country's irrigation of farming has been thousands years. Because the trend of lacking water and the problem of low rate of utilize of farming irrigation and the serious waste, our country has developed irrigation of economizing on water since 1970s especially after the innovate opening.Sprinkler is a mechanical irrigation technique that has high efficiency, it is more advanced method in modern irrigation, just like natural raining. During each part as transmitting water irrigating water and absorbing water of crop, it has the especial action in saving water and increasing product, which has been used all over the world. Sprinkler machine can be divided into tow kinds: fixed style and moving style. Common used such as: manpower moving pipe sprinkler, double valve rocker sprinkler, roll-moving sprinkler, hard hose traveler, centre axle sprinkler, translational sprinkler. Hard hose traveler is mainly researched in this text.Hard hose traveler has been used in European countries since 1960s, it is a credible and excellent irrigation equipment at present. It is mainly made up of coiling-plate vehicle, flexible tubing and sprinkler three parts which has many advantages such as high mechanical level, easy operation and management, better plasticity and irrigate effect, so it has a wide development either in outside country or in our country. But there are also some disadvantages in it, for example, single sprinkler hard hose traveler waste much energy, hydraulic losses are large, so optimize design of it become especially important.One part of the optimize design of hard hose traveler should incarnate the structure of inside water pipeline of sprinkler. According to analyzing some basic knowledge of fluid-mechanics, we know, under the condition of giving the coefficient, the fluid in sprinkler water is sticky, not compressive turbulent. There are two kinds of hydraulic losses in sprinkler head. One is hydraulic loss along the route of travel. Another is parts of hydraulic loss, the last one is the main loss. It happened mainly in angle pipe, steady flow machine, spray head of the sprinkler head, when the flow pass these parts, the direction or speed of fluid will change and set up vortex and secondary or double spiral flow, so the water can not develop fully and cause energy of the main flow exhausted. It will have good irrigating effect when spray head is...