Study On The Characteristics Of The Growth And Development In Hybrid Rice

We investigated chalkiness characters such as percentage of grains with chalkiness (PGWC), degree of endosperm chalkiness (DEC) and square of chalky endosperm (SCE). The endosperm cells and starch granules of eighteen rice varieties (lines) was observerd in cross section of with scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows:There were remarkable difference of PGWC and DEC, and were significant difference in SCE among these rice varieties (lines). There were differences on morphological characters of the starch granules among varieties (lines), between the chalky grains and non-chalky grains, and among the different parts of chalky grains.It was found that the vertical arrangement of rectangular cell groups in cross section are correlated with chalkiness formation, but it is not the deciding factor.For the first time, we found that the distribution of starch granules in cross section had very close relationship with the chalkiness formation. If the starch granules distributed uniformly, chalkiness is not easy to occur in the rice kernel.In rice, the dry weight of the endosperm accounts for more than 90 per cent of the caryopsis and its developing determines the weight and quality of rice granules. We have known the development of endosperm cells, the accumulation of starch granules and the morphology of starchy endosperm cells in relation to rice quality.