Biological Effects On Cotton By Space Mutation And Polymorphism Analysis Of Cotton Mutants

Aerospace has different environmental conditions from the biosphere of the earth with respect to gravity, radiation, and magnetic field. Plant growth and development as well as genetic information may be affected under the aerospace conditions. Genetic changes caused under aerospace conditions may be used as an effective means of creating new germplasm.The present thesis studied the radiation biological effects on cotton in SP1 generation,the mutagenic effects on cotton in SP2 generation, analysis of Polymorphism of some mutants .The results are as follows:1) cotton growth duration after space flight was changed.At SP1 generation ,the growth duration of S2498 was 2 days later than the CK,SGK394 was 3 days later than the CK,108619 was 3 days earlier than the CK; At SP2 generation ,some lines were earlier ,some were later than the CK. And the chance was equal.2) There were many types of mutations in SP2 generations such as plant height, number of boll opening,first fruit branch and cotyledon area etc. Among the treatments, some change were remarkable ,some were not3) RAPD and SSR analysis of genomic DNA variation of some mutants showed their DNA sequences had changed. This result confirmed that space flight could. induce genetic mutation in cotton.4) The isozymes analysis showed that there were some differences among different treated materials of POD,CAT,SOD isozymes. Comparing to CK plants, there were some difference in the enzyme pattern of POD, CAT,SOD. Some pattern was disappeared,some bands was new.And the POD isozymes analysis was sensitive for check the mutants.The results of the studies on biological effects and mutagnic mechanisms of cotton treated by space flight emonstrated that, space flight mutation technique had special mutagenic characteristics, and it could induce high mutation frequency. So it was expected to have bright prospects in mutation breeding and creating new germplasms in cotton.