| There is a long history of persimmon cultivation in Gansu province, but recently appeared many problems in its industrial development such as stagnant development, old conception, weak market consciousness, bad site condition, poor management, serious aging, scarce subsequent resource, disordered varieties, low yield and so on. In the light of these problems, we especially applied the project of Trial Demonstration of Japanese Jinshi Introduction, and carried out the introduction of fine persimmon varieties. Through the introduction and trial study, we expected to successfully introduce persimmon fine varieties for Gansu province and summarize its cultivation theory and cultivation techniques for largely developing persimmon nursery with good quality and high yield, drive new development of persimmon industry, realize the effective combination of both fine varieties and native varieties and concentrative commodity production, enrich persimmon resources, increase the yield, quality and economic benefit, lead farmer to gradually improve industrial structure, increase farmer's income and change the poverty condition of farmer.The paper expounded the cultivation history, production situation, scientific research process, existed problems and solving countermeasures of persimmon in both Gansu province and China; conducted the introduction of 4 fine varieties of persimmon from Henan province and its trial research in Gansu province. The introduced varieties include 1 astringent taste variety of Japanese Jinshi and 3 sweet taste varieties of Fuyu, Jiro and Zenjimaru. For these varieties, the trial demonstration garden and contrastive trial garden were established in Maiji area of Tianshui city and made the cultivation research on their growth adaptability, over-winter trial of seedling, growth contrast trial, fruit trait determining, growing grass trial and intercropping other species trial in garden and so on; summarized the botanical traits and biological characteristics of 4 introduced varieties of persimmon and primarily grasped their garden management techniques. The introduction trial results indicated: the 4 introduced varieties of persimmon have strong adaptability, good growth, more flower & fruit, high bearing capacity and few pest and diseases; bloom in the third year after transplanting, all of which showed the characteristics of early yield and high yield. Among them, for the variety of Japanese Jinshi, its fruit's mean longitudinal diameter is 8.2 cm and mean transverse diameter of it is 7.3 cm, the maximum weight of individual fruit is 256 g and mean weight is 225 g. The introduction trial achieved primarily. |
