Development Of Wheat Landrace Huixanhong Alien Chromosome Lines Derived From Chinese Rye Cultivar Jingzhouheimai And Its WSSMV And Powdery Mildew Resistance Identification

Chinese rye cultivar Secale cereale cv. Jingzhouheimai showed high and stableresistance to powdery mildew and wheat spindle streak mosaic virus. To transfer theseresistance genes, wheat alien chromosome lines were developed and indentified from thehybrids between Huixianhong (a susceptible wheat landrace from Henan province, China)and Jingzhouheimai. By molecular and cytogenetic techniques such as C-banding, GISH,rye specific SSR markers along with chromosome pairing analysis at PMC MI, fiveHuixianhong-Jingzhouheimai (H-J hereafter) disomic addition lines i.e. H-J DA1R, H-JDA2R, H-J DA3R, H-J DA5R and deduced H-J DAde17RL-1, and one ditelosomicaddition line i.e.H-J DA5RS were developed and identified. Of them, H-J DA1R, DA2Rand DA5R were further verified by molecular makers. H-J DA3R, DAde17RL-1 andDA5RS were preliminarily distinguished by C-banding and GISH. Three multiple additionand substitution lines i.e. H-J DA4RDS2R(2D), DA4RDS1R(1B)DS2R(2B) andDA2RDS1R(1D) with chromosome constitution, 20" +1" 2R(2D)+l" 4R, 19" +1"1R (1B) +1" 2R(2B)+1" 4R and 20" +1" 1R(1D)+1" 2R were alsodeveloped and well characterized by different markers. Three monosomic additions i.e. H-JMA2R, H-J MA3R and HJ MA5R and two spontaneous translocations together withseveral di- or monotelosomic additions were also reported.The results of WSSMV resistance identification in Nanjing, China from 2003 to 2006,showed H-J amphiploid Jinghuil has the same resistance to Jingzhouheimai, indicating ryeresistance genes expressed stably in wheat background. H-J alien chromosome linesinvolved 2R such as H-J DA2R, DA4RDS2R(2D), DA4RDS1R(1B)DS2R(2B) andDA2RDS1R(1D) had also the similar resistance to Jingzhouheimai, while H-J DA1R andH-J DA3R were very susceptible. It was supposed that 2R from Jingzhouheimai might have major resitance genes, while the deduced H-J DAde17RL-1 also showed partial resistanceindicating confered resistance locus.After inoculated with the mixed isolates collected from Nanjing region, China, theamphiploid Jinghuil was immune to powdery mildew in all growing period, all of thedeveloped H-J alien chromosome lines were sensitive at seedling stage. While at adult plantstage, H-J DA2RDS1R(1D) showed significant hypersensitivity to the mixed isolates, whileH-J DA2R and H-J DA4RDS1R(1B)DS2R(2B) showed adult plant resistance. Furthermore,after inoculated with 22 isolates of Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici by Plant protectioninstitute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture, Jinghuil showed immune or high resistance to18 isolates, H-J DA2RDS1R(1D) conferred resistance different from the present genes orgene combinations, while H-J DA2R has different resistance reaction to Pm7. These resultsrevealed that chromosome 1R and 2R from Jingzhouheimai might have new powderymildew resitance genes or combinations.