Study On Physiological Characteristics Of Leaf Color Expression And Anthocyanins In Solenostemon Scutellarioides

Solenostemon scutellarioides is a typical leaf-colored plant,which has constant different color, highly decorative value and wide appreciative. The color of leaves is determined by inherited factors and exterior environment. Polychrome leaf comes from the species, content and distribution of pigments, In this study, we used five Solenostemon scutellarioides of different leaf color, researched on the characteristic of physiology and biochemistry, photosynthetic characteristic, the relationship between leaf color and anatomise structural and examined the stability of anthocyanins in Solenostemon scutellarioides.These researchs are very useful for holding the relationship between entironment and leaf color, at the same time, these study will afford reference for plant produce,gardens application, utilizing of pigment in leaves of Solenostemon scutellarioides.Internal structure characteristics and pigments locations in leaves were observed in morphological level.The ascending epidermal cells were very large,which like papillary. The reason that the leaf looks red is abundant anthocyanins in ascending epidermal cells. Correspondingly, the leaf looks green is abundant chlorophyll in the palisade cells.As the differcult of leaf color of Solenostemon scutellarioides,change of physiology and biochemistry in leaves are as follows: the leaf color of Solenostemon scutellarioides is determined by chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin.Generally speaking, the red color leaf observable had more anthocyanin than green leaf,by contraries, the green leaf observable had more chlorophyll than red leaf;The transformation of anthocyanin in a year showed that: inspring and autumn, the content of anthocyanin is higher and at this time the effect of viewing and admiring is better. On the other hand in summer the anthocyanin concent is relatively lower because of high temperature and intensity light;The solvable sugar contents are correlative with chlorophyll contents,as the chlorophyll contents increased,corresponding,it increased;PAL activity has positive relationship with anthocyanin contents.pH value in cell sap maintains stabilization deflected acid.With the aid of the CB-1102 protable photosynthesis system,the photosynthetic characteristics of Solenostemon scutellarioides was studied.The light compensation point(LCP) was around 28～164μmol·m^-2·s^-1,and the light saturation point(LSP) was around 1707～1920μmol·m^-2·s^-1. Double peaks appeared in the curve of diurnal and annual variation of photosynthetic rate(Pn) in leaves of Solenostemon scutellarioides.The middy photosynthetic depression was observed on sunny day in summer,and the first peak in a year was appeared in June and the second one was in September,another annual variation type is one peak that appears only one peak in August.The research has been made on stability of anthocyanins in Solenostemon scutellarioides. the anthocyanin was stable in indoors lights acid conditions and low temperature; Fe²⁺,Fe²⁺ the strong reduction of Na₂S₂O₃,and Sodium benzoate had sighificant effect on the the anthocyanin;As the oxidation of Vc,(NH₄)₂S₂O₈ and H₂O₂ concentration increased the color of anthocyanin has faded; Glucose and Sucrose had no significant effects on the stability of the anthocyanins.So it should avoid long time high temperature,illumination and use container made by iron,in the course of storage or use it.