Studies On Dynamic Pathology And Antigen Location In Broiler Breeders With Coinfection Of MDV And REV

To study the pathogenesis of coinfection and interaction between MDV and REV in broiler breeders, offer accurate method for differential diagnosis and early diagnosis, cut down economy missing, pathological model was established in commercial broiler breeders at one-day-old that inoculated with MDV and REV. We studied hematology, immunology, pathohistological changes and ultrastructure of tumor issues of broiler breeders inoculated with MDV and REV. We deeply studied the generation and development of the coinfection disease then found the optimal time of differential diagnosis.Hematology results showed the number of peripheral white blood cells of coinfection group were more than single infection and control group. Lymphocytes and granulocytes were manifest increase. TP of blood serum of coinfection chickens were lower than single infection chickens and control chickens. They were significant in 1～2 and 10～13 week. It prompted that inflammatory and humoral immunosuppressive status occurrence in the coinfection chickens.We studied immunology by immune organ index number, cell apoptosis and antigen location. Viruses retarded growth significantly in four groups. Spleen index number of coinfection was the highest in four groups. Bursa index number and thymus index number of coinfection chickens was the lowest in four groups. Immunosuppression and necrosis were occurrenced in immunocytes. Cell apoptosis couldn't be seen untill the 7th week in immune system. Lymphocytes apoptosis could be seen after 10 week in other organs. Single infection chickens were later than coinfection chickens. It showed viruses in coinfection chickens could promote cell apoptosis. Antigen location showed that two special positive cells of MDV and REV were observed in main organs by immunohistochemistry detection at the 2nd week. Special cells were most from 4 to 7 week. REV detection was significant. Immunohistochemistry detection was accurate method for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis. It showed that viruses invaded immune system and digestive system and REV brought into full play at first. It was optimal time of differential diagnosis from 4 to 7 week.We studied pathology by clinical pathology, pathohistological. Case fatality showed coinfection chickens, REV chickens and MDV chickens died at 2, 3, 4 week, the mortality were 43.3%, 36.6% and 30%. Clinical pathology showed liver, spleen and kidney of coinfection chickens swelled from 2 to 4 week. Perihepatitis and pericarditis could be seen. Coinfection chickens, REV chickens and MDV chickens could be seen tumor on liver, spleen, kidney and heart at 5, 6, 6 week. Dynamic pathohistological study showed that proliferation of small lymphocytes were seen in main organs at 1 week old, then immature lymphocytes, all kinds of lymphocytes, primitive reticular cells and Marek's disease cells were observed after 2 weeks. It was significant from 4 to 10 week. Pathological changes of coinfection chickens were earlier and manifester than single infection chickens. Coinfection chickens aggraved inflammation, case fatality and tumorigenesis. PCR was an accurate method because it could detected MDV and REV in some organs that immunohistochemistry and pathohistological detection wasn't significant.Multi-morphology detection showed lymphocytes, MDV and REV, mitotic figures, necrosis and apoptosis of lymphocytes were observed with transmission electron microscope. Lymphocytes was main cell constituent. Two viruses in one cell could break through vir-repression each other and promote oncogenesis.This study showed that hematology, immunology, pathohistological changes and ultrastructure of tumor issues were concordance about coinfection of MDV and REV. Viruses invaded immune system and digestive system and REV brought into full play at first. They had synergism. Antigen location was accurate method for differential diagnosis and early diagnosis at the 2nd week. Marek's disease cells, primitive reticular cells, lymphocytes could be served as basis for pathologyl diagnosis at the 2nd week. Two viruses were best witness for coinfection. PCR was quich for coinfection.