Effects Of Applying Fertilizers And Water On The Quality Of Wheat And Soil Nutrient

In addition to genetic and ecological factors, cultivation measure was another important factor which affected wheat quality. On bases of current research advances, we studied the effects of interaction of irrigation,fertilizer,biological organic fertilizer on wheat quality and yields and soil nutrient. The field trial was carried on high and premium fertile field. we considered 5 factors: (1)Irrigation; (2)Basal organic fertilizer; (3)Basal fertilizer(4)Supplement urea(5)Supplement organic fertilizer. Irrigation had 4 levels: once (Spring regreening stage);twice (Spring regreening and Jointing Stages); Regulated deficit irrigation ( Jointing Stage ), CK ( tradition irrigation)。Both basal and Supplement organic fertilizer had 2 levels; Supplement urea had 2levels. A orthogonal experiment(L84×24)designed in DPS system was carried out. We had 2 CK treatments, CK1was was designed by traditional measure provided by Longkou agricultural bureau, CK2 was carried out with only organic fertilizer. The study was aimed to explore the sound fertilizer project so to provide gist for wheat production. Main results were as follows:1. Effect of water and fertilizer interaction for wheat qualityOn high fertilizer fields, by mensurating protein content, Test weight,Sedimentation,Wet gluten,Absorptivity of water,Development time,Stability time, use 7 indexes of wheat quality as attributive variable(Y).Take Irrigation (Spring regreening stage)(X1), Irrigation (Jointing Stage)(X2), Basal organic fertilizer (X3),Basal fertilizer (X4),Supplement organic fertilizer (X5) and Supplement urea (X6) as independent variable. By Stepwise regression, seven regressive prediction models were established, the most pivotal factors of 7 indexes of wheat quality was found. The equations were as follows: Protein content Y=10.666+3.0446X1-0.0008019X4-0.001167X5+0.0005638X6 Test weight Y=762.583+11.25X1+10.75X2-0.005X3+0.029X4-0.02X5+0.016X6 Sedimentation Y=34.8+0.75X1-1.75X2+0.0056X4-0.003X6 Wet gluten Y=27.275+1.1X1+1.45X2-0.00069X3+0.005X4-0.0039X5-0.005X6 Absorptivity of water Y=56.31+0.85X1-0.1X2+0.0023X4-0.0024X5+0.0019X6 Development time Y=3.6708-1.7167X2+0.0072X4+0.007417X5+0.00767X6 Stability time Y=14.525-6.7167X2+0.01475X5+0.025X6In premium fertile field, a method was adopted of stepwise regression of doubling screening to analyze the six factors of water and fertilizer affecting the quality of wheat, among which, the insignificant factors would be omitted and the significant ones reserved. Seven regressive prediction models were established, the results show all the seven factors are involved and the established models were used to return the measure so as to evaluate the subjective assessment index of the fabric handle exactly. The equations were as follows: Y1=-0.001717x3+0.017x4-0.017x6+31.4 Y2=-2.817x1-0.001217x3+0.0052x4-0.013x6+32.34583 Y3=-0.95x1+0.15x2+0.00289x4+0.0018x5-0.00289x6+56.608 Y4=-0.0167x1-0.00125x3+0.00256x4+0.0043x6+6.4208 Y5=-0.0021x3+0.00356x4+0.00978x6+10.283 Y6=-13.167x1+797.5 Y7=-0.7427x1+0.986x2-0.00084x3+0.0041x4-0.00085x6+10.52592 .Effect of interaction of water and fertilizer on wheat yieldsBy establishing regression equations between wheat yields and 6 water and fertilizer factors, we found on premium fertilizer fields, Supplement organic fertilizer was good for improve of 1000-grainweight and the ears of per 667m2;rising sum of water, compound fertilizer,biological organic fertilizer in Spring regreening stage was good for yield; on high fertilizer fields, rising sum of water was good for improve of 1000-grainweight, the ears of per 667m2 and yield can be enhanced by rising sum of Supplement organic fertilizer and reducing sum of Basal fertilizer,water at Spring regreening and Jointing Stage were key factors, which affected yields bigger. Under two fertilizer conditions, fertilizer and biological-organic fertilizer interaction was good for yields. The equations were as follows: Zhongcun Y=444.05+42.32X1+0.012X3+0.017X4 Qianzhuliu Y=524.7+36.3X1+15.17X2-0.0457X4+0.03X63. Dynamic effect of different water and fertilizer treatments on soil nutritionAccording to variance analysis of the orthogonal experiment, on two fields irrigation and basal organic fertilizer were the first and second place and were the main factor which affecting organic matter, water and fertilizer factors had relatively small effect on soil total N. In premium fertile field, irrigation, Supplement organic fertilizer,Basal fertilizer were the main factors which affecting Soil-alkali a-hydrolyzed N. On high fertilizer fields, basal organic fertilizer was good for accumulation of Soil-alkali a-hydrolyzed N, while more irrigation with low content. On two fields, appropriate combining application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer were good for both to improve the content of available P. Irrigation and basal organic fertilizer were the key factor which affecting Soil available potassium, who take the primary and secondary place, respectively. On high fertilizer field, irrigation and basal fertilizer were the key factors which affecting Soil available potassium. Although rising the amount of organic fertilizer was good for soil nutrition,the 10th treatment which was the highest in organic fertilizer didn't reach the best effect, while appropriate combining application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer is the effective way for rising soil nutrition. Irrigation had a completed effect on nutrition, varied greatly under different fertilizer condition.4 Determine fertilization projects under two fertilizer conditionsWheat quality indices were analyzed by principal component analyses, chose the former three principal components as the integrative index of wheat quality and basis for the optimized fertilizer scheme, reflected by the stability, development time,Sedimentation and protein content of the wheat. Based on the variance analysis of the orthogonal experiment, we found that irrigation ,basal and Supplement biological organic fertilizer were the key factors which affecting yields of premium fertile field, as to high fields, they are irrigation and basal fertilizer, combined with analysis of factors affecting quality indexes, we ascertain the fertilization projects under two fertilizer condition.