Study On Growth Environment Of Greenhouse Strawberry Under Mulching Drip Irrigation

In this paper,based on the practical problems of lower efficiency of water and fertilizer use in facility crops and extensive management during crop's growthing.There were three irrigation levels?high irrigation:11.5mm/time;medium irrigation:8.5mm/time;low irrigation:5.5mm/time?and three nitrogen levels?high nitrogen:21.84kg/hm²;medium nitrogen:16.38kg/hm²;low nitrogen:10.92kg/hm²?and two film mulch?black film mulch and red film mulch?.Regular researches on the soil water,fertilizer,air and heat environment,crop growth and water-fertilizer use efficiency under different treatments.Variance analysis was performed for different treatments and factors,and principal component analysis was used to analyze the quality of strawberry.The aim was to construct the optimal film mulching method for strawberry for improving yield,promoting quality and water-fertilizer use efficiency,that obtain the optimal film mulching method with irrigation and fertilization system.The test results are as follows:?1?Nitrogen treatments significantly affected the soil nitrogen,air,stem length and leaf area,and strongly significantly affected the strawberry soluble sugar,malic acid,citric acid and soluble protein.Irrigation treatments strongly significantly affected the strawberry Vc.High nitrogen treatments were beneficial to the temperature increase of each soil layer,and significantly increased the content of soluble sugar,malic acid and citric acid in the strawberry under same mulch and irrigation.Medium nitrogen treatments were beneficial to reduce the soil CO₂ concentration,increase the O₂ concentration,and promote the leaf area growth of the plant under same mulch and irrigation.Low nitrogen treatments were beneficial to significantly increase the soluble protein content of strawberry under same mulch and irrigation.Strawberry Stem length had promoted with medium nitrogen treatments in fruit expansion period,and low nitrogen treatments in fruiting and tailing period.High irrigation treatments were beneficial to promote stem growth under same mulch and nitrogen.Medium irrigation treatments were beneficial to promote soil temperature under same mulch and nitrogen.Low irrigation treatments were beneficial to reduced soil CO₂ concentration,and O₂ concentration was significantly improved,and Vc content of strawberry had increased under same mulch and nitrogen.Strawberry Leaf area had increase with low irrigation treatments in fruit expansion period,and high irrigation treatments in fruiting and tailing period.Soil nitrogen accumulation was lower in fruiting period with medium irrigation and high nitrogen treatments,the same as high irrigation and medium nitrogen treatments in tailing period.?2?Compared with the red film mulch,the black film mulch were beneficial to promote soil conservation in 0⁴0cm of soil,increase effectively the temperature of each soil layer,reduce soil nitrogen accumulation,promote stem length growth,and increase soluble protein content.Red film mulch were beneficial to leaf growth.meanwhile,the content of malic acid,citric acid and Vc in strawberries had increased.?3?The water consumption during the growth period of strawberry showed a trend of“Increase first and then decrease”,and it was positively correlated with the amount of irrigation.Irrigation treatments strongly significantly affected the water use efficiency.Nitrogen treatments strongly significantly affected the strawberry yield and water use efficiency,and significantly affected the nitrogen use efficiency.Strawberry yield,water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency reached the highest level under the W2N1B treatment with 15903kg/hm²,W3N1B treatment with 16.39kg/m³ and W2N1B treatment with164.22kg/kg.Strawberry yield,water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency increased with the increasing of nitrogen under same mulch and irrigation.Water use efficiency increased with the reduceing of irrigation under same mulch and nitrogen.?4?Based on principal component analysis,the quality of strawberry fruit treated by W2N3R treatment was optimized.Considering comprehensive the strawberry quality,yield,water and nitrogen use efficiency,the water use efficiency under W3N1B treatment reached the highest level,and the yield and nitrogen use efficiency reached 96.4%of the highest level,and quality had improved.Suggested that the strawberry planting in Beijing area was covered with black film mulch,irrigation quota at 5.5mm/time and nitrogen with96.84kg/hm²?75 kg/hm²of based fertilizer and 21.84 kg/hm²of topdressing?.