Study On Diversity Of Rangeland Type On Different Vertical Belt In Zhaosu Horse Farm

The study of rangeland type diversity can reveal the relation of environment factor, such as elevation, latitude, temperature, humidity, sun and soil factor and so on. It provides scientific basis for establishing stability rangeland ecosystem. On the rangeland types of different vretical belt and different geomorphic unit, alpine meadow, subalpine meadow, mountain meadow, hilly meadow, alluvial plain meadow, hilly meadow steppe, hilly steppe and alluvial flat meadow steppe in Zhaosu horse farm. This experimentation has analyzed the formed reason of rangeland type diversity by sampling. So, this study provides basis for protecting rangeland resource, directing stockbreeding production, and instituting reasonable management programming of rangeland resource.The study results as follows:1. In the study area, there are 226 species of altitude rangeland plants belonging to 125 genera and 34 families, account for 40.48%, 27.652% and 18.18% respectively of the species, genera and families of rangeland plant resources in Yili. The first is Gramineae, including 37 species and 15 genera. The second is Compositae including 36 species and 18 genera. The third is Leguminosae including 20 species and 8 genera.2. Theαdiversity is highest in the mountainous meadow and lowest in alpine meadow.3. With the change of geomorphic unit from north to south,βdiversity indices decreased firstly, then increased and again decreased. From north-facing slope to south-facing slope,βdiversity indices increased. Species replacement rate was rapid. With the increased of elevation, the community specie reduced. Andβdiversity indices increased. Species replacement rate was rapid.4. The soil water contents of alpine meadow and sub alpine meadow was evidently higher than hilly meadow steppe and alluvial flat meadow steppe. And than the soil water contents of mountainous meadow was intervenient. The diversification of soil bulk density was completely reverse with the soil water contents. The soil bulk density of alpine meadow and sub alpine meadow was evidently lower than hilly meadow steppe and alluvial flat meadow steppe.5. The contents of organic, total P and the alkaline N was highest in sub alpine meadow. The contents of organic were lowest in the alluvial plain meadow. And distribution of total P was symmetrical in other rangeland stapes. The contents of total N were highest in hilly steppe. And mountainous meadow was lowest. And then the total K was completely reverse with the contents of total N. the alkaline P of mountainous meadow was highest. The sub alpine meadow was lowest. The variation of alkaline P was less in the rangeland stapes. And that the distribution was more symmetrical in soil layers. The soil nutrient in different rangeland stapes was gradually decreased with soil depth.