Studies On Effect And Mechanism Of Training And Pruning On Evergreen Fruit Trees(Extend)

In this experiment, Mango and Zizyphus muaritiana Lam were primary objects,Shatian pumelo and Longan were secondary objects. The effect and mechanism ofdifferent tree frame and different pruning measures on the basis of frame were syudiedon the items of the tree growth rate, the leaves environment, the performance of early,high-yield and quality, in order to solving some problem on south fruit trees. The resultcan be used as theoretic basis and practical technology. The main conclusions as follows:1. Experiment on using different training system of Mango,Longan and Shatianpomel's young trees, the results showed that application of spindle tree can promote therapid tree growth, easy access to early yield, better fruit quality.2. The maximum net photosynthetic rate of Mango was happened in September andthe minimum in January : Compared net photosynthetic rate in different parts of thecrown, the outer was higher than the middle, and the middle was higher than inner;Compared net photosynthetic rate in different training system, the open was higherthan spindle, and the spindle was higher than control. The leaf surface temperature wasremarkable of different parts of the crown, the temperature was similar between outerand inner of the open frame's leaves, the inner leaves temperature was less than outerof spindle tree, and the leaves temperature was discriminative between outer and innerof control. The CO₂ concentration difference between uter and inner was thesmallest of open frame and spindle tree margin middling, and control the largestmargin, the CO₂ concentration of control's inner in July Inside was 0. The open frametree's leaves environment was the best for production and fruit quality.3. Test of Zizyphus muaritiana, the results showed that four main branch andspindle has higher yield and better fruit quality than control. The spindle was appropriate to advantaged varieties (Cuimi), and the four main branch wasappropriate to weaker varieties (Misi). Experiment proved that postharvest retained thecentral trunk and branches carrying out heading back and girdling main branches atfull flowering, enabled the tree bear secondary fruit, so that Zizyphus received 2nd fruit,the total yield was significantly higher than that of once.4. The effect of different pruning on Mango after picking fruit showed, cutting incluster bud had the largest flush number and the highest rate of branches; While cuttingin scattered bud, the branches had iargesd diamter. Pruning on Longan postharvestshowed, light cutting had the largest flush number, but lower rate of branches, the budwas easily dead in the rear of branches in growth process; Middle cutting had themiddle number of budding, but a higher rate of branches and buds general becameshoots.5. Test results show that, pinching in the growing season for longan can effectivelypromote branching; After Fazhisu in the growing season on Shatian pumelo flushnumber rate was 82%, branching rate was 61%. Pinching and Fazhisu in growingseason on evergreen fruit tree can promote budding and branching.6. Girdling or ringing on the main branch on Mango in early November, comparedwith the control significantly reduce the number of winter shoot germination, girdlinginhibit germination of winter shoot better than ringing. Girdling or ringing in the trunkon Shatian pumelo in late October, flowering rate was 100%, this showed that girdlingor ringing was notable for pomelo trees inflorescence's formation.