Studies On Effect And Mechanism Of Training And Pruning On Evergreen Fruit Trees

In this experiment, Mango and Zizyphus muaritiana were primary objects; Shatian pumelo and Logan were secondary objects. The effect and mechanism of different tree frame and pruning were studied, in order to solving some problem on south fruit trees. The result can be used as theoretic basis and practical technology. The main conclusions as follows:1. The maximum of net photosynthetic rate of Mango was happened in September, and the minimum was happened in January. Compared net photosynthetic rate in different canopy part of Mango, the outer was higher than the middle, and the middle was higher than the inner. Compared net photosynthetic rate in different tree frame, the open was higher than the spindle; the spindle was higher than the control.2. After different girdling on Mango, compared with control, net photosynthetic rate of leaves was significantly reduced. About the degree of reduction, girdling was largest, planipiral girdling was secondary, and scoring was smallest. At the same time, compared with control, the content of soluble sugar in root phloem was reduced obviously after differentgirdling treatments; situation of change was same as net photosynthetic rate.3. After scoring on Mango in 2003, the number of inflorescence was 49, obviously higher than other treatments. In 2004, the number was 193 when using girdling, and the number was 183 when using planipiral girdling, both were significantly than scoring and control.4. The trial of different pruning after picking on Mango showed, inflorescence rate of cutting in cluster bud, cutting in scattered bud, control were 85%, 83%, 70%, respectively.5. Experiment on Zizyphus muaritiana indicated that the production and fruit quality were improved by using spindle tree training system, when compared with open tree form; and the cost of materials was also reduced. Experiment proved that after fruit harvested, remaining the central trunk and the limbs carrying out heading back of branches and girdling at full flowering stage of the spindle trees could bear secondary fruit in the period of October to January. In such case the production was much higher than that only harvested one.6. The different tree frame and summer shooting treatment were carried out on planting of Shatian pumelo. The result showed the height of tree, the diameter of trunk, the diameter of crown, the number of shoot and the length of main branch of spindle tree were significantly more than open tree and control tree. There was obviously effect to promoting budding andbranching with Fazhisu treatment, the budding rate up to 66.7%, the branching rate up to 50.0%, respectively, and the chisel bud was 30.0%and 13.3% respectively, and pinching was 26.7%and 26.7%, respectively.