Genetic Difference And Nitrogenous Fertilizer Effect On Yield Trait And Kernel Protein Content Of Different Variety In Barley

Barley ranks the forth not only among all the crops in the world but also in the foodstuff list of China. Jiangsu is the province with the supreme planting acreage of barley, among which the malt barley's yield overtakes 1/3 of the national totality. As to exert the yield advantage of Jiangsu malt barley sufficiently, in our research, six popularizingly-planted varieties in Jiangsu Province, the 5 two-row malt barley varieties and 1 two-row feed barley, were chosen to be as trial materials to study genetic difference and nitrogenous fertilizer effect of different genotypes barley characters, including spikes per plant (SP), kernels per plant(KP), kernel weight per plant (KWP), kilo-grain weight (KW), kernel yield (KY) , kernel protein content (KPC). The results showed as follows:SP of two-row barley with the close tiller and panicle in Jiangsu had no genetic difference, but affected by nitrogen application mainly. That means emergence and survival of tillers of two-row barley in Jiangsu are similar. Barley germplasm resources need to be introduced in to improve SP of two-row barley. KP was mainly controlled by heredity factor, also was affected by N fertilization rate, and can be improved by N fertilization in advance. KW was affected by genetic background, nitrogen rate, application and variety, and they had no obvious interaction. KWP was determined by heredity, also affected by nitrogen application, variety and their interactions. But the genetic effect played most important role. So improving KWP mainly depended on popularizing high KWP, assisting N fertilization regulating. Yield was mainly determined by heredity, also was great effected by nitrogen rate. But the nitrogen application did not work. Grain protein content had significant genetic difference between different varieties, and it was mainly determined by nitrogen rate and application, especially by nitrogen rate.Fertilization rate and application showed different effects in the same character because of different genetic background. That means different application area and production techniques were needed in different varieties. High protein content of Yangsi3, more than 13.5%, was mainly controlled by gene. It only can be used as feed barley to popularize in Jiangsu littoral because its KPC greatly exceeded the malt barley highest bound of 12.5%. And increasing and deferring N fertilization could improve yield and quality. In condition of low N fertilization and fertilizing in advance, yield of Yangnonpi2 and its KPC were assorted, that achieved the requirement of high quality, and can be to popularize as malt barley. Although KPC of Dan2 and Suying3 could obtain the malt barley requirement, but the yield were lower. Supi3 had the highest yield and KPC was 12.50%, under the condition of 210kg/ha N fertilization and 8:2 of ratio of base topdressing. It can be used as malt barley in middle N fertilization. KPC of two-row malt barley was high generally; it is not easy to produce high quality malt barley in Jiangshu. So, it is necessary to choose proper varieties according to local condition and to decrease standard of yield to obtain high quality and improved yield of malt barley.