Research On The Traceability Technology Of The Protein Materials In Compound Feeds

In recent years, the growth of research on feed traceability had been due no small part to the public concern associated with feed quality and safety, and there is a need for the improved detection of feed ingredients to address the problem of feed and food safety.The main advantages of Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) methods are rapidity, accuracy, easiness of application, non-destructive characteristic, reduced costs and the excellent repeatability of the measure, therefore it is an traceability technology with widely foreground in many fields including feed quality and safety. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR has become a common technology to determine the feeds components and origins in recent years. The quantitative and qualitative predictions of fish meal and soybean meal in compound feeds were established by NIRS and RT-PCR in this research, and the results were compared. The results obtained in this study are followed as:The 143 bp gene fragment of coding soybean mitochondrial ATP synthase, the 132 bp gene fragment of coding soybean mitochondrial 18S RNA, and the 224 bp gene fragment of coding fish 12S RNA were screened and respectively used for endogenous markers of soybean meal and fish meal in the PCR experiment for the qualitative and quantitative detections. Then the standard curves of predicting the fish meal and soybean meal by RT-PCR were established, R~2 were 0.9615 (fish meal), 0.9726 (soybean meal) and 0.9767 (soybean meal), and the prediction results of unknown samples with the standard curves were acceptable (R~2=0.8875,0.9361 and 0.9295). These results are acceptable, although there are many uncontrollable factors restricting the application of this technique.We established the NIRS calibration models for fish meal soybean meal with NIRS technology, the coefficient of determination (R~2) in calibration reached 0.9554 and 0.9857 respectively, SECV were 0.9541 and 1.1065, and in all cases RSD<10%, RPD>3, which indicated the calibrations were very good.The prediction results of unknown samples by the NIRS models were all acceptable, with the R~2 of the NIRS predicted results versus true contents of fish meal and soybean meal were 0.9871 and 0.9964, respectively. The qualitative prediction results were 100% accordant (M. Distance) for fish meal, and 95.2% for soybean meal. These results were showed that NIRS analysis technique can be used to correctly trace the protein source of compound feeds and assure the feed quality.In conclusion, this study traced the protein materials (fish meal and soybean meal) of compound feeds by new methods constructing with the NIRS and RT-PCR, and got acceptable results. A new thought was provided for the traceability of feed quality and safety.