Study On The Extraction Technics And Insecticidal Active Substances Of Chelidonium Majus L.

This thesis first has carried on the bioassay test on Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler using each extraction layer of the crude extract of Chelidonium majus L., and then used the LC/MS/MS analyzer to mensurate the insecticidal active constituent of Chelidonium majus L. We systemically studied the 5 extraction methods on Chelidonium majus L., which are Soxhlet-extraction method, Ultrasonic extraction method, Microwave extraction method, Supercritical liquid extraction method and Impregnation method. We selected the economy, simple and convenient, high-efficiency abstraction crafts of active alkaline of Chelidonium majus L. through UV-spectrophotometry. According to the test on the physical and chemical characteristics of the Chelidonium majus L. extracts, we have carried on the primary research on the pesticide agent of Chelidonium majus L. and the announcement of field control. The major research findings were as followed.The primary research on the active constituent of Chelidonium majus L. indicated that the crude extracts of were respectively extracted with the petrolum ether, Chloroform and Nbutanol and we carried on the biological activity mensuration to each extraction. The insecticidal rate of the 10 times diluents of Chloroform-extract was the best and the emendation mortality was 72.11%; the second was the once diluent of N-butanol extract and the emendation mortality was 56.56 %; the emendation mortalities of the test insects were low when water extract and petrolum ether extract were adopted. With the LC/MS/MS analyzer, the mensuration result showed that the active constituents of Chelidonium majus L. were mainly isoquinoline alkaloids, the chelidonine in the active constituents of Chelidonium majus L. was richest and there were mainly tetrahydrocoptisine, Chelerythrine, sanguinarine and hydrastis and etc. in the active alkali of Chelidonium majus L..The extraction craft of Chelidonium majus L. indicated that the extraction result was Soxhlet-extraction method＞Ultrasonic extraction method＞Microwave extraction method＞Impregnation method＞Supercritical liquid extraction method. The first was Soxhlet-extraction method, which used 70% ethanol, 90℃constant temperature water-curing and extraction time was 7h, the extraction rate was the highest 0.376%. The second was Ultrasonic extraction method, which used 50% ethanol, liquid-solid ratio 0.02 and extraction time was 35rain, the extraction rate was 0.368%. From the consideration of the extraction rate, the extraction time, the frugal energy and the mass production, we obtained that it suited with Soxhlet-extraction method when extracting tew active material in the laboratory, but the mass productions should use Ultrasonic extraction method.The primary research on the preparation of Chelidonium majus L. indicated that through the acute toxicity experiment of the Chelidonium majus L. extract (LD50＞2000mg/kg), we knew that the Chelidonium majus L. extract had no serious acute toxic risk, and it was easy to dissolve in the water, carbinol and ethanol, but was very difficult to dissolve in the lipophilic organic solvent. The external environment has certain influence on the Chelidonium majus L. extract, heating and illumination could cause the stability of the Chelidonium majus L. extract to withdraw, therefore we should pay attention to the extemal condition in the testing. According to the physical property and chemical characteristic of the Chelidonium majus L. extract, we could know that the pesticide formulations which the Chelidonium majus L. extract were suitable for were the water formulation, the soluble powder formulation and the wettable power formulation. We should avoid the light and high temperature when using it.