Study On Fungicidal Ingredients Of The Stems And Leaves Of Carpesium Macrocephalum Franch.Et Sav.

To further exploit and utilize the excellent fungicidal plant Carpesium macrocephalum Franch. Et Sav.. In order to find fungicidal compounds from Carpesium macrocephalum stems and leaves and to discuss its exploitation, the further research carried out according to the guidance of bioassaying. The results as following:1. The components of C. macrocephalum stems and leaves were preliminarily examined by test of subentry extracting in cuvette and test of thin layer chromatography on round paper. The results show that C. macrocephalum stems and leaves contained tannic acids, coumarin, phenols, steroidal, terpenoids, flavone, carbohydrates, amino acids, polypeptide, protein, volatile oils , oils fats and so on.2. The powder of stems and leaves of Capesium macrocephalum Franch.Et Sav. was extracted with methanol and the methanol extracts were archived after evaporating the solvent under vacuum. The methanol extracts were suspended in distilled water and were successively extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, after concentrating we got petroleum extract, chloroform extracts, acetic ether extracts, methanol extracts and water residues.3. The active ingredients of C. macrocephalum stems and leaves have been separated with bioassay-direction. Five active compounds were found. Three compounds structures of them were identified asβ-sitosterol, 4- carbonyl - eudesma -11(13)-en-12,8β- olide, 4- hydroxy - eudesma -11(13)-en-12,8β- olide respectively.4. The inhibitory effect of C. macrocephalum stems and leaves on Fusarium graminearum was evaluated by the methods of mycelial growth rate and spore germination.The results showed that extracts of C. macrocephalum stems and leaves had effect on mycelial growth of the five fungal species. The effect of chloroform extracts is the best. At the concentration of 1000mg/L, the inhibition rates of spore germination were 88.6% to Botrytis cirerea Pers. et Tris. At the concentrations of 2000mg/L, the C. macrocephalum stems and leaves had strong protective effect and therapeutic effect to Botrytis cirerea . The effect of protective is better than therapeutic, the efficience protectivity of petroleum extracts and chloroform extract were78.9% and 45.1%, respectively.5. The fungicidal activities of Carabrone(D2) and Carobrol (D3) were assayed. The fungicidal activities of Carabrone(D2) were tested in vitro. The results showed that: D2 had high inhibition on hypae growth of 12 pathogens. D2 had the highest inhibition on hypae growth of Gaeumanno mycesgraminis var. tritici Walker and Rhizoctonia cerealis Vander Hoeven; inhibiting effect of spore germination of D2 against different pathogens showed significant difference. D2 had highest inhibition on spore germination of Colletotrichum langenarium by EC50 value of 6.9mg/L. Fusarium graminearum and Exserohilum turcicum (Pass) Leonard were relatively less sensitive to D2 with EC50 values all above of 200mg/L; carabrone(D2) had good preventing and controlling effects against Erysiphe graminis (DC.) Speer, Sphaerotheca fuliginea(Schlecht)Poll., and E. turcicum. The preventing and controlling effects against 3 pathogens in pot trials were all above 55.5% at 1000mg/L concentration. The preventing and controlling of effects against Botrytis cirerea Pers. et Tris were 59.7% and 47.0% at the concentration 2000mg/L, these results illuminate the fungicidal activities of carabrone(D2) worth further study. Inhibiting effect of spore germination of Carobrol (D3) against different pathogens showed little difference.