Present Situation Analysis And Origin Research About Soil Physics And Chemistry Nature Of Ebinur Lake Area

Because of the fast growth of the population, and the human expands the scale of developing and utilizing the land resource constantly in the past 50 years, the level of economic development is improved. But the backward mode of production and unreasonable mode of development and utilization, which make fragility of its living environment and natural calamities frequently take place. The Ebinur Lake Area of Xinjiang is an outstanding place of environmental problem, which mainly presents in the following aspects: The soil salinization is serious; The human activity leads to the reduction of the lake area; Sand and wind weather influences the natural environment of Ebinur Lake Area, and also it endangers the economic development of Ebinur Lake Area and the decline of animals and plants; bio-diversity is threatened. Because the area is large, and the geographical position is special, its deterioration of the environment will influence the local people's life quality directly and restrict the economic development of this area. This paper determines the physical and chemical properties of soil in this area quantitatively through the method of chemical elemental analysis, and the chosen indexes mainly include the soil nutrient (quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), organic matter, salt, ion content, soil texture etc. According to the result of determining it shows: the Ebinur Lake Area and dried-up lakebed mainly distribute solonchak, salt meadow soil, the salt content of solonchak is extremely high. Peripheral plain, desert and intermediate zone of mountain mainly distribute irritate-cultivated soil, Aeolian sandy soil, grey-brown desert soil, brown calcic soil, chestnut soil, chernozem. The chestnut soil, forest soil, sub alpine steppe soil, chernozem, brown calcic soil and forest almost do not have a salinization phenomenon. Grey-brown desert soil, Aeolian sandy soil and sucrose have a heavier content in salt and intensity salinization phenomenon. Among the types of soils, the reason which causes a higher soil salt is ion sulphur acid radical and chlorine ion. Meanwhile, the organic content, nitrogen and phosphorus usually present the prominent positive correlation, it is little relative with the potassium. The analysis result still shows: Mainly there are two reasons causing the current situation of the basin soil, which are natural factor and human factor. The natural factor mainly includes the local climatic conditions, geology, ground form and soil matrix condition, hydrology, hydrology geological condition, vegetation condition etc. The human factor mainly includes the local soil utilization, irrigation, cultivation, applying fertilizer and soil development, irrigation silting in soil and forming and changing of soil, planting influence on forming and changing of soil and human activities causing the soil degradation etc. At present, the problem of the current situation of the soil in this area is mainly that the land quality drops and desertification is serious. Meanwhile, with the growing pace of economic development and a large amount of growth of the population, it increases the utilization of the construction land. In addition, land development lacks the whole unified planning. Therefore, strengthening desertification and monitoring dynamically, utilizing the water resource rationally, preventing desertification on the basis of remaining the existing oasis are very important in future. At the same time we should strengthen the legal construction, which really makes reasonable development and utilize land according to the law.