| Rice is the biggest grain crop in china. It is becoming the developing orientation of the Rice Farming technologies to deal with the relationships among High-yield, good-quality, high-efficiency, ecological and safe rice. Nitrogenous fertilizer, the most important element for controlling the rice growth, is important for colony controlling, the quantity and quality of rice and the ecological and economic benefit of paddy field.In this paper, using "Tongyujing 1" a type of middle-season keng rice with high yield and good quality as our studying object and setting different standards of Nitrogenous element by fixing the quantity of organic fertilizer( the quantity of basic fertilizer), we studied the effects of nitrogenous fertilizers to the quantity of rice, the quality of flee, the viscosity of starch,the absorption of nitrogenous fertilizers and the benefit, and primarily found a nitrogenous operational technology dealing with the quantity, quality and binefit of "Tongyujing 1 ", which supplied a theoretical base for constructing a fertilizing technological system of producing high quantity and good quality rice.First, We systemly studied the effects of different standards of nitrogenous element of tiller dressing,head dressing to the quantity and quantity composing by fertilizing more organic nitrogenous fertilizer. The results confirmed that the quantity of rice was highest under the quantity of head dressing 108 kg·hm-2, when the quantity of tiller dressing were 0～108kg·hm-2; the quantity of rice was increasing at first, then decreasing, when the quantity of tiller dressing was increasing, with the quantity of head dressing 54 kg·hm-2 and 108 kg·hm-2, however, the highest rice yield always appeared when the quantity of head dressing was 54 kg·hm-2.Second,We systemly studied the effects of different standards of nitrogenous element of tiller dressing, head dressing to the rice physical and chemical quality, and the characteristic value of RVA spetrum of amylum, by fertilizing more organic nitrogenous fertilizer. The results confirmed that fertilizing nitrogen influenced less on the artifactitious quality of "Tongyujing 1" and more on its appearing quality, and not remarkably on the amylose content, but remarkably on the characteristic value of RVA spetrum of amylum and the rice protein content.Third,We systemly studied the effects of different standards of nitrogenous element of tiller dressing,head dressing to the utilizing rate of absorbing nitrogenous fertilizers by using more organic nitrogenous fertilizer. The results confirmed that the utilizing rate of absorbing nitrogenous fertilizers could reach 40% when the quantity of head dressing was 108 kg·hm-2 and the quantity of tiller dressing was less than 54kg·hm-2 or when the quantity of head dressing was 54 kg·hm-2 and the quantity of tiller dressing was less than 81kg·hm-2. We also revealed that the economic benefit was better when the quantity of tiller dressing was less than 54kg·hm-2 and the quantity of head dressing was less than 108 kg·hm-2.The detailed beneficial values was＞7400yuan·hm-2; new additional net return rate was＞140% and the return rate of marginal cost was＞2.5yuan/yuan。Fourth,The same and different effects of using nitrogenous fertilizers on the quantity, quality and benefit of "Tongyujing 1" were analysized and concluded as follows: increasing the rate of head dressing proposed by high-yield cultivation is consistent with decreasing chalky rice rate, Chalkiness and increasing the protein content, but inconsistent with improving the rice tasted quality; high quantity demands suitable quantity of using nitrogenous fertilizer, which is harmonious to the index of high economic benefit, but is some different from the high utilizing rate of nitrogen fertilizer.Finally, We found a principle of dealing with the quantity, quality and benefit of rice and a draft of using nitrogenous fertilizers. The principle is that stabilizing quantity as the precondition, controlling the physical and chemical characters and the tasted quality by stabilizing the protein content, and taking the higher nitrogenous fertilizer availability as necessary. The draft: the total of nitrogen (N) fertilizer 270 kg·hm-2, basal fertilizer (organic nitrogen): tiller dressing: head dressing=40%: 20%: 40%。...
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