Relationship Of Rhizosphere And Endophytic Fungi And Actinomyces Of Musa Spp. With Banana Diseases

The subject studied the microbial ecology of banana and investigated the floras of fungi and actinomycetes. One hundred and fifty-four isolates, twenty-two genera of endophytic fungi were isolated from the tissues of roots, bulbs, pseudo-stems, leaves and fruits of banana. Fusarium and Colletotrichum were the dominant populations. In addition, there were two isolates, two genera of endophytic actinomycetes, Streptomyces and Micropolyspora. Two hundred and six isolates, twenty-one genera of fungi were isolated from the rhizosphere soils of banana. The dominant populations were Paecilomyces, Mucor and Fusarium. Furthermore, there were ninety-four isolates, nine genera of rhizosphere actinomycetes, Streptomyces was the dominant population. The results suggested that the endophytic fungi had specific selection to organs of banana. Fusarium was fined in the tissues of roots, bulbs and pseudo-stems and Colletotrichum was fined in the tissues of leaves and peels of banana.Study of the relation between microbial ecology of banana and banana diseases, focused on the relationship between endophytic Colletotrichum and banana anthracnose, endophytic F. oxysporum and banana panama disease, rhizosphere fungi and root knot nematode .Both the pathogen of banana anthracnose and endophytic Colletotrichum were identificated as C. musae by morphology and cultural characters. Inoculation tests showed the pathogenicity of endophytic Colletotrichum to banana, so that endophytic C. musae was inferred the latent infectious pathogen of banana anthracnose.Morphology, cultural characters, vegetative compatibility, antagonistic tests and virulence tests indicated that endophytic Fusarium was nonpathogenic fungus, there was certain competition between the endophytic Fusarium and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense.A strain of Gliocladium roseum was screened from the isolates of endophytic fungi and rhizosphere fungi of banana, the fungus had parasitism to eggs of Meloidogyne incognita.Flora structures of fungi and actinomycetes of banana were probed systematically. Relation between this kind of microflora and banana diseases was also defined. The results provided the theoretic basis for microbial ecological control of banana diseases and offered new foundation detecting and controlling banana anthracnose and banana panama disease.