Researches On Arbuscualr Mycorrhiza Fungi At The Rhizosphere Of Musa Spp. On Hainan Island And Efficacy Of Mycorrhiza Of Banana Seedlings To Fusarium Wilt Disease Of Banana

Musa spp. industry is the world’s second largest fruit industry,and ranked first in the world trade of fresh fruit. In the process of Musa spp. plantations,effective disease prevention and treatment is the key to obtaining high yields.Local reports suggest that Fusarium epidemic has caused serious losses to Musa spp. farming in Hainan such as Ledong,and yet no relevant drug can effectively prevent the disease.In the long process of evolution, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) maintains symbiotic relationship with plant,and plays an important role in the evolution, distribution, growth and other aspects of plant. There were studies showing that some species of AMF can resistant to plant soil-borne disease to a certain extent, which is caused by Fusarium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia and other pathogens.This study taken dozens of Musa spp. rhizosphere soil samples from different cities and counties in Hainan, sieved AMF from the samples, and complete AMF species identification and distribution statistics of it. And then, study on seasonal changes of AMF in different kinds of Musa spp.’s rhizosphere soil by site-directed sampling, continuous sampling and screening methods. Different AMF are filtered out and inoculated on Brazil banana seedlings to conduct research on Fusarium resistance. Final research results are summarized as follows:1.45species,9genus of the AMF were screened, isolated, and identified from43soil samples of the rhizosphere of the Musa spp. They are16species ofAcaulospora,10species of Glomus,1species of Kuklospora,7species of Gigaspora,2species of Scutellospora,4species of Dentiscutata,3species of Racocetra,1species of Quatunica,1species of Cetraspora. Acaulospora is the common genus, A.bireticulata and A.tuberculata are the common species.2. The seasonal changes research on AMFs of plantain and Musa spp. rhizosphere began from April2014to March2015. There were some differece in species and distribution frequence of AMF between the dwarf bananas and the bananas. But correlation between density of the spores, species richness, diversity indices, temperature and rainfall is not significant.3.Four kinds of AMF:Dentiscutata nigra (A)、Gigaspora aldia (B)、Gigaspora sp3(C) and Glomus clavisporum (D) were reproduced and used to test their resistance ability on the4th race of the Banana Fusarium wilt disease. The results showed that all five treatments-A、B、C、B×C、D, have a certain degree of control effect on Fusarium.The control effect percent of BXC is the highest(85.07%), and the percent of C is the lowest (53.74%).