The Study On The Annual Quantity Dynamic Of Apis Cerana Cerana F. Experimental Population In Fuzhou

Population ecology of honeybee is a new research subject, which studies the relationship between honeybee and the environment. The core is to study the quantity dynamics of honeybee population. Developing the research of honeybee population ecology has consummated the honeybee population ecology theory frame, enriched the research content of insect population ecology and also is the indispensable scientific foundation of modern bee-keeping.We studied the annual quantity dynamic of the honeybee (A. c. cerana F.) experimental population under the function of integrated environment factor in Fuzhou. Average daily birth number, mortality rate, increment rate, age structure of individual experiment population were observed and measured. Then the relationship between the variety of these parameters with environment factor, especially climate and sources of nectar and pollen situation was analysed. In addition, we also studied birth rate, mortality rate of colony experimental population and the life table of individual worker in the experimental population.The results were as follows:(1) The variety of annual quantity dynamic of individual (A. c. cerana ) in Fuzhou from experimental population corresponded with the changes of local climate, honey and powder resources and so on. From March to April and from September to October, the climate was suitable for honeybee and the resources of nectar and pollen were rich, so individual quantity from experiment population increased; From May to August and from November to February, the pattern was reversed.(2) There was a close correlation between the average daily birth number of individual and local environmental condition in Fuzhou and swarming also was a factor which cannot be neglected. In April and in October, the average daily birth number of individual was higher, the highest was up to 3,915; But in other months, the number droped, the lowest reduced to 307. The variety of individual average daily birth number was consistent with the population quantity dynamic and only at some transitional stages of population development, average daily birth number of the individual increased or reduced, actually which caused the individual quantity be opposite to the direction in the short time.(3) At the relatively stable phase with the amount of spawned egg, average daily mortality rate of A.c.c. individual ranges from 3.8% to 12.8%. But mortality rate of adults is relative stable, the range of variation was 1.5%—3.1%.(4) Average daily increasing rate of the A.c.c. individual ranged from -2.4% to 1.8%. There were only three stages during the whole year, average daily increasing rate is positive, and the total time was short. From April 3 to April 23, September 30 to October20, February 28 and until March 14, average daily increasing rate had reached 0.9%.(5) Age structure of individual experiment population changed during the whole year. From April 3 to April 13, from August 30 to October 10, and from February 6 to Marchl4, age structure of individual belonged to growing type; at other stages, age structure of individual belonged to declining type.(6) Birth rate and mortality rate of A.c.c. colony experiment population were 67.7% and 40.0% respectively.(7) Life table of individual experiment population had obvious seasonal characteristic. In two groups of cohort, mortality rates of egg, larva and sealed brood were 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.6% and 0.7%, 0.9%, 0.9% respectively; The mean lifetimes were 42.7 d and 43.8 d respectively; The life expectation of egg, larva, sealed brood and adult were 43.2, 37.8, 28.5, 23.7 d and 44.4, 39.2, 27.0, 25.3 d respectively. The survival curves of two groups showed a convex type, but their shape had certain differences.