Cytological And AFLP Analysis Of High Paired Mutants Of The Somaclonal Variation In Wheat-rye Hybrid

The hybrids of wheat-rye and the regenerated hybrids of embryo somaclonal variation of the hybrid were used in this experiment, then picked the PMC of the regenerated hybrids and observed the chromosome pairing of the Mâ… that discovered some plants among the regenerated hybrids that pairing frequency were obviously raisded. Used in situ hybridization to determine the chromosome constitute and structure of the three hybrids, to compare the difference of the chromosome pairing, also to difinite paired chromosome companion and pairing frequency, and the effect of the tissue culture to the chromosome pairing of wheat and rye. Used genome AFLP technique to investigate the difference of DNA sequence among parents and the three hybrids. lt's the basic research of further study of intergeneric somaclonal variation especially the molecular mechanism of high frequent pairing and how to use of the variation mutants. The main results are shown as follows:1 .The wheat-rye hybrids had the character such as higher tiller, the regenerated hybrids had the similar morphology as the wheat-rye hybrids. These two hybrids has no difference in the morphology, for example, height, tiller and spike.2.Observe PMC of the wheat-rye hybrids then count the chromosome pairing found most of the hybrids chromosomes were being univalent at metaphaseI, the mean chromosome configuration of the hybrids PMC was 26.75â… +0.61â…¡+0.01â…¢; Meanwhile found the most of regernated hybrids had the similar chromosome configuration as the hybrids, the mean chromosome configuration was 26.77â… +0.60â…¡+0.01â…¢; but some regernated hybrids chromosomen pairing frequence obviously raised, compare with the two hybrids, it's appear several bivalents, few trivalent and quadrivalent, the mean chromosome configuration was 21.93â… +2.94â…¡+0.05â…¢+0.01â…£.3.The three hybrids completely conclude 28 chromosomes by GISH thchnique, 21 of them were wheat's and 7 were rye's. During somaclone variation the high frequent mutants were discovered, however, the number and the structure of the chromosomes were not alternation.4.The directly wheat-rye hybrids' and high frequency regernated hybrids'PMC was statistic by GISH, discovered about 85.9% bivalent configuration were W-W, about 9.7% were W-R, about 4.4% were R-R in directly wheat-rye hybrids. Bye the way, the results of the high frequency regernated hybrids about 75.4% bivalent configuration were W-W. about 15.8% were W-R, about 8.8% were R-R, and about 66.7% tiivalent configuration were W-R-W, about 33.3% were R-W-R. This concluded that during the chromosome configuration, bivalent configuration owing to W-W, tiivalent configuration owing to W-R-W; it also indicated that somacional variation could increased the configuration of W-R and R-R.5.Analysed the parents and the three hybrids by genome AFLP technique, the result indicate that distant hybrization and tissue culture both induced the genome alternation. The alternation mainly the lose of parents' fragment. increased few novel fragment; the genomic alternation in wheat was stronger than in rye; and the repeat sequence alternation was much than the low copy sequence; The genomic alternation of wheat-rye hybrids was the same as the non-increased pairing frequent hybrids, however, the genomic alternation of the high pairing frequent hybrids were much larger than the other hybrids.