Study On A New Multi-functional High Polymer Complex Material To Preserve Moisture And Fertility In Desert

In this paper, polyurethane was prepared as a high polymer caking agent to combine superabsorbent resin(SAR) and high molecular slow release fertilizer together to improve sand-binding and preserve moisture and fertility. The mircostrutures of the polyurethane foam(PUF) material and the compound materials were characterized by SEM. The results show that SAR and the fertilizer are well-proportioned lied in the PUF foam. Experiments were carried out to investigate the water absorption and retention and the nitrogen release rate of this compound material. Moreover, to test the practicability of this multi-function complex material, we carry out the experiment in the sand clay to plant alfalfa. Observed and studied the effects of this compound material on the seeds germination percentage, plant grown condition and the soil aggregate. The results indicated that this compound material has high efficiency of water absorbing as well as the SAR and the water retention can reached 45%～56%. In the mean time, the nitrogenous fertilizer can release slowly. After applied in alfalfa plant, this multi-function complex material can save water, resist drought, release fertilizer slowly, augment the number and the weight of seeds, increase the output, and enhance the utilization of rainfall. Its productivity compared to the pure sandy soil cultivation output has enhanced. This compound material can also enhance agglomerate quantity of the soil between 0.25～10mm to raise water storage capacity and water retention ability. This research has an important role in preserving moisture and fertility of the desertification land soil, sand-binding and sand windproof.The SAR of the carboxymethyl cellulose grafting acrylic acid (CMC-AA) was copolymer synthesiyed using the method of inverse-phase suspension polymerization. The influences of the monomer concentration, neutralization degree, the initiator, dispersion agent, cross-linking agent, reaction and drying temperature on the grafting copolymer properties were examined. When its raw material for experimental obtained the best response condition Water absorbency of this polyacrylic acid salt SAR is 380 and the water retention is 40.8%. A new methylene urea slow release fertilizer of high mole ration(U/F=3:1) has been synthesized. We have obtained the optimal reaction conditions by monitoring the process. The results show that the new fertilizer's AI value is 100%. To choose the best ration of raw stuff of the PUF, PUF were formed at various weight rations of the raw stuff, and tested their density and observed their pattern. We find the best ration because we wanted the foam be fully frothed and had the lowest density.