Research On Vigor, Viability Testing Methods Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Seed And Computer Vision Application

Seed vigor is the important index of measuring the seed quality. A seed vigor testing can reflect thepotential of seed in the field or under storage. In this paper, the author had concentrated on some vigorand viability testing methods of rice seed. They are standard germination test, Ultraweak PhotonEmission (UPE) test, TTC (2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride) dyeing test and computer visiontechnology to analyze the dyed image method. The author adopt the computer image analysis system toacquire the dyed embryo image of rice seed, combine the computer vision analysis technology with theTTC dyeing test methods to deal with the image to determine the seed vigor and viability.The main content and results of the research were as follows:1. Apply the Ultraweak Photon Emission detection Technology on the rice seed viability test,and detect the Photons of the rice seeds after inspired with the ultraviolet radiation. The author foundthat the Photons after inspired with the ultraviolet radiation of each breeds were declined with the timeof storage, and the seed of same breed harvested in the same year were increased with the inspired time.So, the detection of Ultraweak Photon Emission can be used as a qualitative analysis method to knowthe extent of the seed aging.2. Apply the TTC dyeing testing method to detect the vigor and viability of rice seed, andclassify them into four types the entirely dyed ones, the main embryo structures dyed ones, no part dyedones, and other instances. The author defined the vigor index and viability index, and compared thevigor index to the germination potential, the viability index to the germination percentage. Theregression equations between vigor index and germination potential were: Y₁=0.9897 X₁-1.075, R₁²=0.9991; Y₂=0.9635 X₂-1.584, R₂²=0.9998; Y₃=1.0703 X₃-1.722, R₃²=0.9988. The Y₁, X₁; Y₂, X₂;Y₃, X₃ corresponded to the vigor index and potential germination of Jinzao47, Eryou084, Xiushui09.The regression equations between viability index and germination percentage were: Y₄=1.027 X₄+1.0901, R₄²=0.9986; Y₅=1.0804 X₅-7.1884, R₅²=0.8995; Y₆=1.1774 X₆-12.715, R₆²=0.9326.The Y₄, X₄; Y₅, X₅; Y₆, X₆ corresponded to the viability index and germination percentage of Jinzao47,Eryou084, Xiushui09. These values of R² indicated that the vigor and viability index by TTC test had agood reflection of the germination potential and germination percentage level.3. Adopt the computer image analysis system to acquire the dyed embryo image of rice seed,and use the software of Matlab6.5 to deal with the images. After pretreatment of the images, thresholdselection, image segmentation, feature extraction, area designation, image identification, the author gotthe goal region of the dyed embryo and computed the area of the dyed region. Through the ratio of thedyed area and the embryo area, the seeds were classified into three types, first was the entirely dyedseeds had the ratio larger than 0.95, and second type was the main embryo structures dyed ones had theratio lager than 2/3 but smaller than 0.95, the last type was the seeds without viability. The first type wasthe seeds with vigor, and the first and second types were the seeds with viability.4. Through comparison with the results of the standard germination and TTC test, the author gotthe regression equations between results by image and standard germination were: Y₀₁=0.9791X₀₁- ??1.9643, R₀₁²=0.9996; Y₀₂=0.9351X₀₂-1.7449, R₀₂²=0.999; Y₀₃=1.0933 X₀₃-5.6643, R₀₃²=1; Y₁₁=0.9426 X₁₁+9.9336, R₁₁²=0.9993; Y₁₂=1.0302 X₁₂-1.6332, R₁₂²=0.947; Y₁₃=1.0927 X₁₃-4.4382, R₁₃²=0.9396. The Y₀₁, X₀₁; Y₀₂, X₀₂; Y₀₃, X₀₃ corresponded to the vigor index by image andgermination potential, and Y₁₁, X₁₁; Y₁₂, X₁₂; Y₁₃, X₁₃ corresponded to the viability index andgermination percentage of Jinzao47, Eryou084, Xiushui09. The regression equations between results byimage and TTC test were: Y₀₄=0.9889 X₀₄-0.8747, R₀₄²=0.9999; Y₀₅=0.9698 X₀₅-0.1616, R₀₅²=0.9979; Y₀₆=1.0205 X₀₆-3.8449, R₀₆²=0.9991; Y₁₄=0.9174 X₁₄+8.9664, R₁₄²=0.9999; Y₁₅=1.167 X₁₅-13.556, R₁₅²=0.8909; Y₁₆=0.9245 X₁₆+7.6625, R₁₆²=0.9998. The Y₀₄, X₀₄; Y₀₅, X₀₅; Y₀₆,X₀₆ corresponded to the vigor index by image and germination potential, and Y₁₁, X₁₁; Y₁₂, X₁₂; Y₁₃, X₁₃corresponded to the viability index and germination percentage of Jinzao47, Eryou084, Xiushui09.These values of R² indicated that the results by image had a good reflection of the germination test andTTC test.