Study On Drying Methods Of Three Kinds Of Flowers

Because of the advantages of long life, nature, better decorative nature, the dried flower is becoming more and more popular, and has great potential in market. In this thesis, a number of experimental had been performed on Rosa hybrida, Eustoma grandiflorum and Cosmos sulphurens, using the technique of vacuum freeze-drying and embedding drying. In order to solve the problem that the dried petals were easy to break up, the method of making it flexible had been studied. The research contents in this thesis had not seen in other papers after consulting document.Our results had shown that the best vacuum freeze-drying technology of Rosa hybrida was as follows, freezing in a -80℃icebox to -33℃, and vacuum drying for 28h in the vacuum freeze-drying machine. The best embedding drying technology was as follows, drying in the mixture of sillica gel and the common salt in 15℃for 240h.The dried flower of Eustoma grandiflorum, which was obtained through the technique of vacuum freeze-drying had greater chang in color than the dried flowers which were obtained through embedding drying and microwave drying. And in terms of appreciation, the dried flower obtained by the technique of vacuum freeze-drying was worse. The best vacuum freezedrying technology of Eustoma grandiflorum was as follows, embedding in sillica gel, freezing in a -80℃icebox to -22℃, and vacuum drying for 108h in the vacuum freeze-drying machine.The best embedding drying technology was as follows, drying in the mixture of sillica gel and the common salt in 45℃for 54h. The best microwave drying technology was as follows, embedding in sillica gel, heating time 20s, intermittent time 30min, heating 5 times.Dried flowers of Cosmos sulphurens obtained by the technique of vacuum freeze-drying and embedding drying had good quality. The best vacuum freeze-drying technology of yellow Cosmos sulphurens was as follows, embedding in sillica gel, freezing in a -80℃icebox to21℃, and vacuum drying for 18h in the vacuum freeze-drying machine. The best embedding drying technology was as follows, drying in the mixture of sillica gel and the common salt in 45℃for 8h. The best vacuum freeze-drying technology of orange Cosmos sulphurens was as follows, embedding in sillica gel, freezing in a -80℃icebox to -20℃, and vacuum drying for 18h in the vacuum freeze-drying machine. The best embedding drying technology was as follows, drying in the mixture of sillica gel and the common salt in 45℃for 8h.Application of glycerin or propylene glycol treatment in flowers could make them flexible in some degree. But it also affected the color of the dried flower. And glycerin was preferable reagent in this paper. The best meas of Rosa hybrida was as follows, steeping in 20% glycerin for 2h. The best meas of Eustoma grandiflorum was as follows, steeping in 20% glycerin for 4h. The best meas of yellow Cosmos sulphurens was as follows, steeping in 20% glycerin for 0.5h. The best meas of orange Cosmos sulphurens was as follows, steeping in 10% glycerin for 1h or steeping in 20% glycerin for 0.5h.