Influences On Ecological Effects Of Tea Plantations And Biological Characterastics Of Tea Plant In The Red Hills At Fertilization Structure

Subtropical regions were the main areas for tea planting in China, and subtropical redhill were significant for tea production. Lean soil, rampant diseases, seasonal drought, poornatural conditions and irrational structure of fertilization decreased the production andquality of tea in subtropical red hill. These altered environment also decreased ecologicalbenefits and confined the sustained development of agriculture. So, it is necessary toinvestigate the fertilization structure on ecological effects of tea plantations, and offer sometheories for high quality, safety, effective production of tea.Research was performed in Dongxishan Tea Plantation of Xiangfeng Tea Factory, atypical subtropical red hill, at the hundred mile tea industries in Changsha County, Hunanprovince. The research was contrast test in filed and designed seven treatments as follows,100% organic fertilizers, 75% organic fertilizers+25% inorganic fertilizers, 50% organicfertilizers+50% inorganic fertilizers, 25% organic fertilizers+75% inorganic fertilizers,pure chemical fertilizer, Intercropping white clover+no fertilizer, no fertilizer. After thetest was performed five years, influences of fertilization structures on ecological effects ofsoil, tissue growth in above and below ground, tea quality and yield were investigated.Results showed that:Six fertilization structure increased soil nutrient content in contrast no fertilizertreatment. Soil nutrient content was higher in four organic fertilizer treatments than purechemical fertilizer and intercropping white clover+no fertilizer, and increased withincreasing organic fertilizer. Soil density was decreased at four organic fertilizer treatments,and decreased with increasing organic fertilizer, indicating that four organic fertilizertreatments inproved soil structure. Results also showed that soil moisture was also higher atfour organic fertilizer treatments than pure chemical fertilizer, intercropping white clover+no fertilizer and no fertilizer treatments, indicating that four organic fertilizer were good forseasonal drought, especially from July to October. So, it was clear that organic fertilizergood for improving soil structure and increasing quantity of worm community andbiomass. indicating that organic fertilizer promoted cooperated growth in above ground and theunder ground. Results also showed that root for absorbing was induced to growunderground at organic fertilizer treatments. Ration of root biomass to total biomass in40-80 cm soil at 100% organic fertilizers and 75% organic fertilizers+25% inorganicfertilizers were 58% and 59% respectively. Roots at white clover+no fertilizer maindistributed from 20 to 40 in the soil (roots of white clover were large and with strongnitrogen fixation in this layer). Organic fertilizer have many nutrients and nutrients werereleased slowly. So, organic fertilizer significantly increased the production and improvedthe quality of tea. Data showed that at 100% organic fertilizer treatment, colour, fragrance,taste of tea were the best with good ratio of biochemical component in tea leaves, low ratioof polyphenol to amino acid tea, high (77.41%) moisture content in fresh leaf and nicetenderness.Effects of seven fertilization strucrures on ecological effects of siol, tissure growth inabolve and under ground, quality and production of tea were clusting analysied. The resultsshowed that four organic fertilization structures were better than chemical fertilizer and twono ferttilizer treatments. And the suitable teratment was 100% and 75% organic fertilizer+25% chimical fertilizer, indicating that it was the best for popularizing at tea plantation insubtropical hill.