Influence Of Ecological Condition On The Growth And Development Of Blueberry

'Bluecrop', 'Elliott', 'Northcountry' and 'Blomidon' four blueberry cultivars which belong tothree types were used as material to investigate in Shandong, Liaoning and ChangChun threedifferent ecological condition in 2005 and 2006. Different of blueberry growth, phenologicalperiod, flower bud differentiation,growth,photosynthesis,fruit quality and yield of blueberry andother ecological factors were compared in the three ecosystems, and the relationship between themwere analyzed, The main results were as following:1 Through the research of phenological period and flower bud differentiation of blueberry,budquantity in the three different ecosystem, the change tendency of four blueberry cultivar in thethree ecosystem were same. As for the phenological period and flower bud differentiation ofblueberry, Shandong was the earliest, and Jilin was the lastest, among which was Liaoning.Biology zero temperature showed that highbush blueberry＞half-high blueberry＞lowbushblueberry, so phenological period of highbush blueberry 'Elliott' was the latest, flower buddifferentiation need a very long frost-free and high accumulation temperature. It could not satisfythe need in Jilin, so the flower bud could not differentiate in the first year. phenological period oflowbush blueberry 'Blomidon' was the earliest, and exuberant was much shorter. In Liaoning andSandong, accumulation temperature high, long frost-free, The cultivar blossom twice. The othercultivar showed normal in three location.2 The analysis of growth and development,photosynthesis of blueberry under differentecological conditions shows that: growth and development,photosynthesis of blueberry areobvious relationship, the ecological condition of Shandong and Liaoning is smilar, the annualaverage is higher, the annual solar hours and frost-free period are longer, annual precipitation ishigh, the height of plant is strong, basa branches are more,Pn level is higher.The light compensatepoint light saturated point of highbush blueberry and half-high blueberry are higher than lowbushblueberry, so we can see that the highbush blueberry and half-high blueberry have the ability forhigher light intensity and lowbush blueberry is the type which like cloudy environment, so thediscrepancy of high blueberry and half-high blueberry is extreme obvious, but lowbush blueberryis not obvious .So improving the temperature and light has the promoter action.3 Ecological condition has the important influence to fruit quality and yield, the expressiontendency of four blueberries are different. Under the ecological condition which annual average temperature is high in Shandong and Liaoning, the yield of highbush blueberry and half-highblueberry is high, but the duration period of lowbush blueberry is short, the vegetative growth istoo exuberant, the reproduction growth is inhabited, so the yield of Jilin is higher than Liaoning.In addition, annual precipitation is high,day-night variation of temperature is big of Shandongand Liaoning regions, the SSC,content of soluble sugar,content of total acid,content of Vc arehigher, the content of total acid is lower,fruit quality is better. The discrepancy of lowbushblueberry is obvious, but highbush blueberry and half-high blueberry don't achieve obvious level.4 By stepwise regression analysis which eight ecological factors having close relationship withvegetative growth and reproduction growth, the eight ecological factors are annual averagetemperature, annual solar hours, annual precipitation, amount of evaporation, relative humidity,accumulation temperature, frost-free period, day-night variation of temperature, we can acquirethe conclusion: (1) accumulation temperature have the most important relationship withphenological period 1 and flower bud differentiation of high blueberry, annual average temperatureis the most important factor to lowbush blueberry. (2)Temperature and light intensity which are themajor factors have positive influence with photosynthesis; (3) Annual average temperature, annualsolar hours, annual precipitation have the most important relationship with fruit quality and yield.The temperature have the negative influence with content of soluble sugar, have the positiveinfluence with content of total acid and SSC, the influence to the other index is differentaccording to blueberry cultivars. Annual solar hours have the positive influence with content ofsoluble sugar,W./O.F. and content of Vc, but is opposite to content of total acid. Base on therelationship between phenological,flower bud differentiation,growth,photosynthesis,fruitquality and yield and ecological factors, the multiple regression equation of different blueberrycultivars were established by using multiple regression analysis.5 Placing a value on all aspects synthetically, the frost-free period is long, accumulationtemperature is high of ecological condition by Shandong regions on behalf, so highbush blueberryand half-high blueberry is suitable to transplant in this area; Liaoning regions is suitable totransplant half-high; the frost-free period is short, annual solar hours is short, accumulationtemperature is low of ecological condition by Jilin location on behalf, lowbush blueberry andhalf-high blueberry is suitable to transplant in this ecological condition. The adaptation ofdifferent type blueberries to ecological region is different, so we can choose the differentblueberry cultivars according to different ecological regions to realize the high quality and highyield.