Studies On The Effects Of EM To Maize Growth Development, Yield And The Substitution Effect For Nitrogen

Maize variety NONGDA 108 and EM (Effective Microorganism) was used inthis study. The effeet of EM solution to maize seed germination, growth,development, yield and the substitution effect for nitrogen were studied with EMtreatments of seed soaking and applying at maize seedling and jointing stage. The bestEM concentration was selected, and the effect of substitute EM for nitrogen wasstudied. The main results were shown as following:1. Seed germination, seedling height, stalk diameter and leaf area were allenhanced by presoaking maize seeds in EM solution, and good quality seedlings wereobtained. The best concentration was 1/500 EM solution using in maize growing.2. The plant height, stalk diameter of maize were increased effectively bypresoaking maize seeds in EM solution, meanwhile, EM solution was sprayed on leafsurface and irrigated on root soil at maize jointing stage, maize growth and lodgingresistance become stronger. In addition, EM treatment increased the contents ofchlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein of maize blade obviously, whichfounded a good condition for higher yield and could delay the aging of maize blade inlater development period.3. There was significant effect of substitute EM for nitrogen. Experiment showsthat there were no differences in physiological index between treated and untreatedmaize plants with EM solution. It can replace 1/3 nitrogen application by 1/500 EMsolution in maize growing. The effects of EM variance with the level of nitrogenfertilization, and it could prevent physiological barrier by EM application. After EMtreatment, the contents of soluble sugar and chlorophyll of maize leaf were higherthan the untreated. The results become more effective as nitrogen fertilizer decreased,and the changing tendencies in every growth period were almost the same.4. The maize yield was enhanced significantly by EM. And the maize yield wasaffected greatly when the usage of nitrogen decreased. In this experiment, even thenitrogen application was decreased 1/6～1/3 of the normal level, the maize yield wasnot affected by rate, when 1/500 EM solution was applied.