Study On Black Soil Acidity Properties In Jilin Corn Belt

Sampling soil was selected in Jilin Corn Belt in the paper, black soil acidity Properties and affectingfactors was systematic studied in Jilin Corn Belt by field investigation sampling and analyzing and testingthrough indoor examination.The research discovered that, (1) the mean value of Jilin corn belt black earth plough soil pH (H₂O) was5.97. Among them, the mean value of the "plane" section is 6.29, the "wave" section is 5.87, the plane ishigher than the wave 0.42 unit. compared with the earth pH mean value 6.50 of soil general survey in 1982,the mean value of plough soil pH (H₂O) dropped 0.53 unit. the mean value of plow pan soil pH (H₂O) is6.26, 0.29 unit higher than plough soil. the mean value of plough soil pH (KCl) was 4.76. "the plane"section plane soil pH (KCl) is 5.03, mean value of the "wave" section soil pH was 4.68, in two kind ofconfiguration pH (KCl) differs 0.35 unit. T the mean value differs 1.27 units in pH (H₂O),pH(KCl). Goesto O.M target topsoil soil pH was 4.75, the "plane" section soil pH (goes to organic matter)of which is was4.67; The "wave" section soil pH (goes to O.M) is 4.77.(2) The Jilin corn belt black earth exchangeable acid content is 0.33 cmol/kg, of which theexchangeable hydrogen content is 0.10cmol/kg, the exchangeable aluminum content is 0.23cmol/kg; plowpan soil exchangeable acid content is 0.95cmol/kg, the exchangeable hydrogenions content is 0.19cmol/kg,the exchangeable aluminum content is 0.75cmol/kg. The exchangeable aluminum is main body of theexchangeable acid, accounts 70% for the exchangeable acidity total quantity, the exchangeable hydrogen,the aluminum ion content is being connected with the exchangeable acid content extremely remarkably, thecorrelation coefficient respectively is 0.391^**, 0.679^**.(3) Chooses three soils to discuss the alkali buffer capacity, when soil pH lower than below pH6.80 inthe first sector, the soil pH change joins the quantity along with the hydroxide radical ion the increase, thepH value rapid increase, the soil buffering ability is weaker; Joins with the quantity hydroxide radical ionincrease, when the value of the soil pH is 6.8～7.1, appeared the second cushion sector, this is because thealuminum ion hydrolis is causes; Joins the quantity along with the hydroxide radical ion the continuationincrease, when namely the pH value is between 7.1～7.5, the soil appeared the third sector, this sector soilto alkali buffer capacity is the strongest, when the soil pH value joins along with the alkali is higher thanthe pH value is 7.5, the soil to the alkali buffer capacity has reduced, the research discovered, chooses threekinds of difference soils with different cation exchange quantity, organic matter, calcium carbonate content, buffer capacity difference was not big regarding the alkali buffer capacity. But three kind of soils acidscushion curve quite smooth, analyzes from the buffer line slope, with higher cation exchange quantity andorganic content high, its soil buffer capacity is stronger.(3) soil pH value of Jilin corn belt plough soil and plow pan increases in turn from the south to the north.The soil pH value and the soil O.M assumes extremely remarkably is being connected. Soil pH and the saltbase degree of saturation assumes the non-linearity to be connected. In the exchangeable salt base ion theexchangeable calcium, the sodium, the potassium ion and the soil pH correlation coefficient respectivelywas 0.644^** (n=46), 0.349^** (n=46), r=0.351^**(n=46); But is not big with the exchangeable magnesium ionrelevance, plough the soil salt base degree of saturation and the salt base ion content is higher than thetopsoil soil. Salt base degree of saturation and plough soil,; plow the correlation coefficient respectively is0.596^**(n=46), 0.651^**(n=11). The calcium carbonate and the soil pH assume the logarithm extremelyrelations to be connected. The relevance of ferric oxide and the soil pH is assume extremely relavence. Thesoil O.M and the soil exchangeable acid, the exchangeable aluminum content assume the linearity to beextremely remarkable relations, the correlation coefficient respectively is -0.503^**(n=46), -0.520^**(n=46),but for the exchangeable hydrogen content relevance is not remarkable.Jilin Corn Belt black earth partial areas acidification degree was already very obvious, Protecting blacksoil farmland was a task which brooks no delay; Organic Fertilizer application should be strengthening.Great power tractor should be application every three years. It will reduce "wave" soil configuration andincrease "Planar" soil configuration to prevent the soil degeneration.