Effects Of Different Fertilizer And Water Management On Grape Growth And Fruiting Under Protected Cultivation

China is the biggest country of the grape production in the world. With increasing consumption level and food health consciousness, grape production is becoming from high yield to high quality, which was especially obvious in Shanghai and other economical developed area. Food quality and safety is of universal interest in the world. However, in our country, farm products were universally polluted by the chemical fertilizer, pesticide and hormones, which led to the farm products unable to enter the international market, and the domestic market share was also occupied either. Therefore, it is quite urgent and important to study the technique of the fertilizer and water application in the grape cultivation. This paper carried out the research in the following two aspects:1. Taking the Japanese early ripening grape variety Yatomi Rosa as experimental material, the effects of different fertilizer management on growth, fruiting, photosynthetic characteristics and berries quality were studied. The results showed that plants which treated with the organic fertilizer 'Tianfu' 3.0 Kg as base fertilizer, compound fertilizer 10g+ urea 2g as first topdressing and potassium sulfate 20 g as second topdressing each plant grew well and had the biggest biomass of shoot, the Strongest photosynthesis and the highest fruit yield. It was also observed that contents of total soluble solid, total sugar, vitamin C and anthocyanin in berries were higher than other treatments, but the content of titratable acid was lower. This study provided and c basis for grape fertilizer management under protected cultivation in Shanghai region.2. The effects of regulated deficit irrigation on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics and berries quality were studied with 'Fujiminori', a middle ripening grape variety, which introduced from Japan. The results showed that different stages water deficiency reduced shoot biomass of Fujiminori grape, which was significantly displayed from sprouting period to flowering period. Water deficiency also significantly reduced photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), somatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci), but water use efficient (WUE) were significantly improved. From sprouting period to flowering period water deficiency helped to promote berries internal quality, the contents of total soluble solid, total sugar vitamin C increased, the content of titratable acid and ratio of sugar to acid decreased. However, in berries coloring period water stress was beneficial to promote berries external quality, the content of anthocyanin in water stressed plants was higher than unstressed plants. This research provided basis for grape irrigation management under protected cultivation in Shanghai region.