| Orychophragmus violaceus L. which belong to the Cruciferae Orychophragmus has a few chromosomes (2n = 24), large genetic variation and easy to grow. So, O. violaceus was a suitable plant for heredity and variation research. Based on the studies of morphological variation, habit of abloom and pollination, meiosis of pollen mother cell (PMC), chromosome doubling of gamete and zygote by treating in high temperature of O. violaceus were performed in Beijing Forestry University.The main results were summarized as follows:(1) Plant morphology of O. violaceus which grew in different place were observed and measured. The results showed that O. violaceus has a distinct difference in some characters which were influenced easily by environment, such as the high,number of branch, number of silique and length of silique. Funthermore, the differences of flowers and number of seed were indistinctive. Seeds kept at -20℃, 4℃or under room temperature with desiccation will have a good number of seedlings.(2)The growth of O. violaceus was stimulated in a certain extent by long time illumination, but which were not playing a role by prodding plants to bloom earlier . Low temperature was not necessary for O. violaceus to flowering, it can flowered without low temperature storage. As a cross-pollination plant, there was no seed produced by self-pollination in O. violaceus . The pollination stage was 1~6d after flowering, and an average of 28.73 seeds per silique was obtained when crossed at the best pollination stage1~5 days after flowering.(3)Based on the meiosis stages of PMC, chromosome doubling of pollen was induced by high temperature. When the PMC was treated in diakinesis at 38℃~45℃for 2 ~ 4 hours, the highest proportion of 2n pollen reached to 42.5%.(4)Flower buds at different length were treated by high temperature for chromosome doubling of megagamete, embryo and zygote, two tetraploid were obtained when flower was treated one day after flowering at 38℃for 2 hours.
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