| Two different kinds of pig breeds , Little Meishan and Yorkshire,were researched in this experiment , to study the Relations between AREG,ESR and FSHβgenes and Litter Sizes in Sows,to discuss the feasibility of using the Marked Assisted Selection to increase the Litter Size in the sows.To provide theoretic bases to the job of pig breeding and improve the level of technology and economy benefits of the pig industry.Collect the ear tissue of 116 Little Meishan sows and 144 Yorkshire sows, use Phenol/Chloroform method to distill the genome DNA,then take the genome DNA as template, use 3 different kinds of primes to amplify the AREG,ESR and FSHβgenes separately,use RFLP method to determine the Polymorphisms of AREG and ESR genes,and determine the Polymorphism of FSHβjust accroding to It , s PCR products.Use SPSS Software to analyse the different frequency of genetypes and frequency of genes of AREG,ESR and FSHβgenes separately,and analyse the relation between the different genetypes of AREG,ESR and FSHβgenes and the different combination genetypes and the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity. The results show that:1 Analyse the RFLP Polymorphism of AREG gene of Little Meishan and Yorkshire sows by Using a pair of primers and the restrict inner-cut enzyme StyI. There is an enzyme cutting site in AREG,and put up three different kinds of genetypes, AA,AB and BB.There are only two different kinds of genetypes in Little Meishan sows, AB and BB,and the allele gene frequency of A is 14.6%,B is 85.4%; There are only two different kinds of genetypes in Yorkshire sows, AA and AB, and the allele gene frequency of A is 91.0%, B is 9.0%.2 Analyse the RFLP Polymorphisms of ESR gene of Little Meishan and Yorkshire sows by Using a pair of primers and restrict inner-cut enzyme PvuⅡ. There is an enzyme cut site in the E section in ESR,and put up three different kinds of genetypes, AA,AB and BB.There are three different kinds of genetypes in Little Meishan sows, and the allele gene frequency of A is 35.3%,B is 64.7%; There are three different kinds of genetypes in Yorkshire sows, and the allele gene frequency of A is 40.9%,B is 59.1%;3 Analyse the length Polymorphism of FSHβgene of Little Meishan and Yorkshire sows by Using a pair of primers . and put up three different kinds of genetypes, AA,AB and BB. There are only two different kinds of genetypes in Little Meishan sows, AA and AB,and the allele gene frequency of A is 83.6%,B is 16.4%; and there are only two different kinds of genetypes in Yorkshire sows, AB and BB,and the allele gene frequency of A is 6.9%,B is 93.1%.4 In Little Meishan sows,the results of the genotype effect of a single gene show that sows with the genetype BB of AREG, the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity are 1.040,1.487,0.944 and 0.499 more than the sows with the genetype AB. Sows with the genetype BB of ESR,the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity are 2.895,2.877,1.755 and 2.105 more than the sows with the genetype AA. Sows with the genetype AB of FSHβ, the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity are 1.096,1.271,0.953 and 0.665 more than the sows with the genetype AA.The results of the genotype effect of combination genetypes show that there are 8 different kinds of combination genetypes of AREG,ESR and FSHβgenes in Meishan sows. The total born of first parity of combination genetype BBBBAA is the highest, ABAAAA is the lowest,the discrepancy is 4.045;The total born alive of first parity and the total born of multiparity of combination genetype BBABAB is the highest, ABAAAA as the same as BBAAAA are the lowest, the discrepancy are 4.063 and 2.188. The total born alive of multiparity of combination genetype BBBBAA is the highest, ABAAAB is the lowest, the discrepancy is 3.705.5 In Yorkshire sows, the results of the genotype effect of a single gene show that sows with the genetype AB of AREG, the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity are 0.416,0.234,0.564 and 0.470 more than the sows with the genetype AA. Sows with the genetype BB of ESR, the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity are 1.754,1.771,3.368 and 3.236 more than the sows with the genetype AA. Sows with the genetype BB of FSHβ, the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity are 1.684,1.800,1.277 and 1.684 more than the sows with the genetype AB. The results of the genotype effect of combination genetypes show that there are 9 different kinds of combination genetypes of AREG,ESR and FSHβgenes in Yorkshire sows. the total born of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity of combination genetype ABBBBB is the highest, AAABAB is the lowest,the discrepancy are 4.667,4.300 and 5.667. The total born alive of first parity of combination genetype ABBBBB is the highest, ABAABB is the lowest, the discrepancy is 4.333.Conclusions based on the resules above: 1 The allele gene frequency and the genetype frequency of the same gene are different in different breeds of sows, and some genes lack some genetypes in different breeds of sows. 2 In Little Meishan and Yorkshire sows, the allele genes B of AREG,ESR and FSHβare propitious to the increasement of the total born of first parity,the total born alive of first parity,the total born of multiparity and the total born alive of multiparity. 3 The genetic effects of combination genetype is bigger than the genetic effects of a single gene,but not the simply plus of all the genes. 4 Use Marked assisted selection to increase the frequency of allele gene B In the job of breed selection of Little Meishan and Yorkshire sows,can increase the litter size and total born alive.
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