Effect Of Hypoxia On The Hemocyanins Anabolism And Osmoregulation Of Litopenaeus Vannamei

This thesis mainly studied the effect of dissolved oxygen on the hemocyanins anabolism and osmoregulation of Litopenaeus vannamei. Discussed mainly the following contents:①Effect of hypoxia on hemocyanins, tissue Cu concentration and expression of hemocyanins subunits in hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei.②Effect of hypoxia on hemocyanins and amino acids concentration in hemolymph of Litopenaeus vannamei.③Effect of hypoxia on hemocyanins and phenoloxidase activity in hemolymph of Litopenaeus vannamei.④Effect of hypoxia on haemolymph osmotic pressure and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity of Litopenaeus vannamei. The mainly results are as follows:1 Effect of hypoxia on hemocyanins, tissue Cu concentration and expression of hemocyanins subunits in hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei.The hemocyanins and tissue Cu contents were measured, as well as the expression of hemocyanins subunits in hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei under hypoxia conditions are studied. The results show that hypoxia has significant effects on hemocyanins and tissue Cu in Litopenaeus vannamei(P<0.05). Mainwhile the expression of hemocyanins subunits in hepatopancreas displayed obvious changes. Hemocyanins and hemolymph Cu in both treatments presented a similar trend, first ascending and then coming to the control level at 72h.While the Cu content in hepatopancreas represents a contrary trend with the two above-mentioned, and it declines to the lowest value at 12h, then moves up to its stable level. SDS-PAGE analyses shows p73 and p75(subunits of hemocyanins) change evidently. Both the two proteins, strips become more and more wider in low dissolved oxygen conditions. That is to say, the expression of two hemocyanins subunits augment. It is concluded that with the reduction of dissolved oxygen, a great deal of hemocyanins are systhesized in hepatopancreas, so hemocyanins in hemolymph increase accordingly. Because of the systhesis, Cu distributes disciplinarily between hemolymph and hepatopancreas.2 Effect of hypoxia on hemocyanins and amino acids concentration in hemolymph of Litopenaeus vannamei.Hemocyanins and hemolymph amino acids of Litopenaeus vannamei under hypoxia station are determined. The results are that hemocyanins and hemolymph amino acids of Litopenaeus vannamei are significantly affected by hypoxia(P<0.05). Hemocyanins in both treatments presented a similar trend, first ascending and then coming to control level at 72h. All kinds of amino acids in both treatments exhibit enhancive trends depend on hypoxia. Total amino acids in hemolymph gain a incremental trend in both treatments. It is concluded that with the reduction of dissolved oxygen, hemocyanins systhesis mechanism was started,amino acids as basic components of hemocyanins rise evidently in hemolymph depend on hypoxia, and more lower the dissolved oxygen is, more higher the amino acids are.3 Effect of hypoxia on hemocyanins and phenoloxidase activity in hemolymph of Litopenaeus vannamei.Hemocyanins and phenoloxidase activity in hemolymph of Litopenaeus vannamei under hypoxia condition are studied. The results reveal that hypoxia has significant effects on hemocyanins and phenoloxidase activity in hemolymph of Litopenaeus vanname(P<0.05). Hemocyanins in both treatments presented a similar trend, first ascending and then coming to control level at 72h. Phenoloxidase activity in plasma moves up within 12h, and becomes stable after 12h. While phenoloxidase activity in blood corpuscles descends during 36h, and stabilizes after 36h. The depressed value of phenoloxidase activity in blood corpuscles is far bigger than the increased value of Phenoloxidase activity in plasma. Based on the results, it is concluded that we can,t judge that wether hemocyanins transform to phenoloxidase under hypoxia stress. But we also can,t deny hemocyanins, transform to phenoloxidase depending on the result.Maybe some influencing factors, such as proteinase inhibitors reduce phenoloxidase activity in blood corpuscles.4 Effect of hypoxia on haemolymph osmotic pressure and gill ion transporter enzymes of Litopenaeus vannamei. Haemolymph osmotic pressure and gill ion transporter enzymes of Litopenaeus vannamei are studied.The results are that haemolymph osmotic pressure and gill Na~+/K~+-ATPase activity are evidently affected by hypoxia, while V-ATPase activity is nearly not influenced by hypoxia. Both haemolymph osmotic pressure in two treatments decrese to their lowest values at 6h,then ascend gradually, and come to the control level at 48h. Haemolymph amino acids in both treatments first increase to their peak values at 24h, and then decrease. The lower the dissolved oxygen is, the higher the amino acids are. The gill Na~+/K~+-ATPase activity rises and reaches peak values at 12h in both treatments, then declines to the control level at 48h. It is concluded that with the synthesis of hemocyanins, haemolymph amino acids as basic components of hemocyanins increase greatly. For the sake of maintaining well-balanced quantity of substances relating to haemolymph osmotic pressure渗透压效应物, large numbers of inorganic ions maybe outflow to environment from body. So haemolymph osmotic pressure decreases during experimental time. Organism must holds well-balanced haemolymph osmotic pressure in circumstance with no ions-change.So gill Na+/K+-ATPas rises and absorbs a great many Na+ compensating the loss of inorganic ions.