| In this study, goats installed with permanent rumen fistulae were used to investigatethe effects of dietary supplementation with calcium pyruvate(PYR),hainan-mycin (HM)and soybean oil(SBO) on rumen digestion, metabolism and accumulation of trans vaccenicacid-conjugated linoleic acid precursor in tureen digesta of goats, the content of triglycerideand fatty acids composition in serum. On the basis of the above studies, dietarysupplementation with combination of sunflower oil(SFO) plus calcium pyruvate(PYR)were used to investigate the effects on rumen fermentation and fatty acids ofcis9, trans11-CLA and trans-11C18:1 in ruminal digesta.1. Effect of dietary supplementation with calcium pyruvate,hainan-mycin andsoybean oil on rumen digestion and metabolismEight healthy Bohr-cross goats (four male and four female) were assigned in 4×4 Latinsquare design with the 16d periods to determine the effects of feeding calcium pyruvate,hainan-mycin and soybean oil on tureen digestion and metabolism. The value of pH,NH3-N, MCP, total dehydrogenase activity and VFA were determined Oh before feeding andevery two hours from 2h to 10h after feeding. The results showed that calcium pyruvate hadthe tendency to increase pH value and the ratio of C2+C4/C3, but reduce the concentrationof ammonia nitrogen and the level of total dehydrogenase activity; but the concentration ofmicrobial crude protein and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were not influenced obviously;hainan-mycin also had the tendency to increase the pH value, but the concentration ofammonia nitrogen and level of total dehydrogenase activity and value of C2+C4/C3 weredepressed by 0.5mM·L-1,10.32％and 9％compared with control (P＞0.05), respectively.However, the activity of ruminal microorganism could been depressed by supplement with soybean oil, and the concentration of microbial crude protein and the level of totaldehydrogenase activity were reduced by 10％and 3.97％(P＞0.05), respectively; butsoybean oil has the tendency to raise the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA)compared with the control (P＞0.05). Those results indicate that the rumen ferment werenot altered by supplement with calcium pyruvate,hainan-mycin and soybean oil, but whichbeen effective on stabilization of rumen digestion and metabolism.2. The effects of dietary supplementation with PYR,HM and SBO on theaccumulation of TVA and concentration of fatty acid in ruminal digesta, the content oftriglyceride and fatty acid in serumThe experimental design was the same with the above one. Sampling was carried outat 3h after feeding on 15d in every period. The concentration of fatty acid in ruminaldigesta and serum was analyzed by gas chromatography(GC), and the concentration oftriglyceride was determined by automatic biochemical analyzer. The results showed thatcalcium pyruvate and hainan-mycin had the tendency to increase the accumulation oftrans11-C18:1 in ruminal digesta; the soybean oil not only significantly enhance the contentof trans11C18:1 by 127％(P＜0.01), but also obviously improved the concentration ofC16:0,C18:0,c9-C18:1,γ-C18:3 in ruminal digesta and in serum. However, the content ofcis9, trans11-CLA in ruminal digesta was not influenced by these three additives. Comparedwith control, when dietary was added with calcium pyruvate or hainan-mycin, the contentof triglyceride in serum was reduced by 26.53％,18.37％(P＞0.05), respectively. Thoseresults indicate that the biohydrogenation process in rumen could not been influenced bycalcium pyruvate and hainan-mycin added at a certain extent, but calcium pyruvate canreduce the content of fatty acid in serum; whereas, diet supplementation with soybean oilmade trans11C18:1 accumulate significantly in rumen of goats, and been more effectivethan adding with calcium pyruvate or hainan-mycin.3. Effect of sunflower oil and calcium pyrnvate supplementation on rnmen digestion,metabolism and accumulation of trans vaccenic acid-conjugated linoleic acidprecursor in rumen digesta of goatsTwo experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of diatary supplementationwith sunflower oil plus calcium pyruvate on rumen fermentation and fatty acids ofcis9,trans11-CLA and trans-11C18:1 in ruminal digesta. The first experiment was incubatedin vitro to investigate the effect of supplementing sunflower oil (2％DM), calcium pyruvate(1 g/L rumen liquid), or their combination on tureen fermentation. In the second experiment, the combination of sunflower and calcium pyruvate was supplemented to five goatsinstalled with permanent rumen fistulae by using self-control method, the experimentincluded 2 periods, each period lasted for 15 days. The results showed that the pH value,the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and microbial crude protein, volatile fatty acids(VFA), and the ratio of C2+C4/C3 were not influenced obviously by adding sunflower oiland calcium pyruvate. However, the combination of sunflower oil and calcium pyruvatesignificantly increased the content of C16:0,C18:0,trans11-C18:1,cis9-C18:1,cis9, trans11-CLA (P＜0.05), and the percentage of trans11C18:1 and cis9,trans11-CLAwas enhanced by 5.77％and 1.2％in total fatty acids, respectively. The result showed thatdiet supplementation with sunflower oil and calcium pyruvate had no significant effect onrumen fermentation type and metabolism, but had significant influence on fatty acidcomposition, especially on accumulation of trans11-C18:1 in rumen of goats.
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