| Avian paramyxovirus (APMV) is one of the main virus diseases that are harmful to poultry industry of the world. Avian paramyxovirus consisted of nine serotypes, namely, APMV I~IX, but APMV-I only includes Newcastle disease virus (NDV) . With a wide pathogenicity, NDV is a representative of APMV-I, and it can result in infection of poultry, nature of birds or experiment, which is one of the main plagues that are harmful to poultry industry. But waterfowls such as goose and duck were resistant to NDV that can't be infected but can be carried by them. However, many strains of paramyxovirus with strong pathogenicity separated from gooses could invade gooses even fowl, pigeon and duck, the toxicity of which was similar to NDV. So traditional theory which said waterfowls could not be infected by NDV was broken by the outbreak of goose-host paramyxovirus disease(GPMV). Several studies indicated that the genome of NDV evolved to an integrity level. The prevalence of NDV has been a heavy loss to goose industry, an enormous threat to poultry industry and becomes one of the main contagious diseases that restrict the deeper development of poultry industry.F48E9 of NDV and NA-1 of GPMV were obtained by centrifugation in sucrose gradient. The plasma membrane was obtained from chicken and goose's embryo desmocyte by Membrane Protein Extraction Kit which reduced the mechanical disruption effection that can destroy the structure of plasma membrane. SDS-PAGE is convenient and useful to segregate and analysis the protein, by which the plasma membrane protein was segregated and each protein was well dispersed. The binding activity between virus and plasma membrane protein is determined by Solid-ELISA, which showed that there is specific binding between virus and plasma membrane protein, and the specific binding was consistent with the specificity that virus infected tissue. The binding is saturable and special in this assay, which accords with the binding characteristic between virus and receptor.F48E9 and NA-1 virus receptor on the cell plasma membrane were preliminaryly judged by Virus overlay protein blot assay (VOPBA), and the receptor protein was recovered by SDS-PAGE. Five protein bands (R1,R2,R3,R4,R5) were showed on the PVDF film that contained plasma membrane protein of goose desmocyte, which may be the receptor of F48E9 and NA-1 .The results showed that the effects of NA-1 were much better than that of F48E9, and the affinity between plasma membrane protein of goose desmocyte and NA-1 was much better than these between plasma membrane protein and F48E9. Similarly, three protein bands (R1′,R2′,R3′) were showed on the PVDF film which contained plasma membrane protein of chicken desmocyte, and may be the virus receptor. The results showed that the effects of F48E9 were much better than that of NA-1.The affinity between virus and receptor was analyzed by Solid-ELISA. The results showed that the affinity was different when virus (F48E9 or NA-1) bounds with different host cell receptor. The affinity between NA-1 and plasma membrane receptor of goose desmocyte was stronger than that of NA-1 which bound with plasma membrane receptor of chicken desmocyte. The affinity between F48E9 and plasma membrane receptor of goose was weaker than that binding to plasma membrane receptor of chicken. It was proved that the specific binding was distinct when virus bound to different kinds of host cell receptor. MAA could bind to SAα2,3Gal, and SNA could bind to SAα2,6Gal. To assay the type of receptor in different host cell, the receptor was incubated with digoxigenin-labeled SNA and MAA lectin, respectively. Subsequently the receptor was incubated with anti-DIG antibody. The results showed that there were both SAα2,3Gal and SAα2,6Gal in the plasma membrane receptor of chicken, and only SAα2,3Gal in the plasma membrane receptor of goose. There was a high affinity between Ty/WI/66 and every kinds of plasma membrane receptor, additionaly both the plasma membrane receptor of goose and chicken had SAα2,3Gal.
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