Observation On Main Biological Characteristics Of Amygdalus Ledebouriana Schleche

In this paper, the botanical features of branch, leaf, flower and fruit of Amygdalus Ledebouriana Schleche (abbreviation ALS.) were studied and the phonological period was investigated in fields. The paraffin section method was adapted to observe the developing process of flower bud differentiation. The relative electrolyte leakage, MDA content, activity of the SOD, CAT and POT were tested by the methods of electric conductivity, dual-spectrophotometer, spectrophotometer, ultraviolet absorption, and the guaiacol colorimetry, respectively. The main results were as follows:The study showed that the whole growth cycle of leaf on ALS needed approximate 109 days, the flower from exposing petal to fall flowers needed approximate 17 days, the fruit from developing to maturation needed approximate 102 days. The shoot average length of ALS is 3.5-7.1cm when it stopped growing and the tree high is 116.2±29.3cm. The regression equation of two agents of leaf of long and width and leaf area of ALS was y=-8.26+4.15x1+1.32x2 (p<0.0001, R2=0.98). The regression equation of the relation of leaf width×leaf length and leaf area of ALS was y=0.6+0.61x (p<0.0001, R2=0.98). The regression equation of fruit-stone weight and three agents of fruit-stone length, fruit-stone width, fruit-stone thickness of ALS was y=-1.28+0.44x1+0.29x2 +1.01x3(p<0.0001, R2=0.93). The photosynthetically capability and efficiency for solar energy utilization were estimated by leaf area of ALS and fruit-stone weight, which also determined the reasonable load of ALS and the way of reasonable condensed planting, mode of pruning and standard of fruit thinning in practice.In this experiment, the paraffin section method is adapted to observe the developing process of flower bud differentiation of ALS in TaCheng, Xingjian. The results indicated that the floral morphodifferentiaion can be divided into five development stages: flower initial stage, sepal differentiation stage, petal differentiation stage, stamen differentiation stage and pistil differentiation stage. The floral morphological differentiation occurred at the middle ten-day period of June. There was intersectional phenomenon in each differentiation stage. From the starting of the flower bud differentiation to the pistil primordial differentiation, the whole process appeared intently between the first ten-day period of July and the first ten-day period of September. It took 90~100 days to finish morphodifferentiation。The determination of the cell relative electrolyte leakage percentage and the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and the content of MDA with the different coldness level treatments, the material is one-year stick of ALS. The results indicated that the semi -lethal temperature (LD50) for ALS was -28.9℃. At the same time the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were the highest peak at -30℃. The activity of SOD, POD raised at first and then declined with fall of temperature. CAT activity curve was"M"with fall of temperature. MDA content was totally raised with fall of temperature.