Studies On Yield And Quality Of Wheat Under Long-Term Fertilizations

Fertilizer structure has significantly regulation effect of the formation of the wheat grain yield and quality, and it is the major technology strategy of wheat cultivation regulation. But different fertilizers factor on the role of wheat yield and quality, due to the differences in the characteristics of the soil, mainly is the lack of long-term fertilizer experiments. Through long-term experiment formed the difference of soil fertility, to study soil fertility and fertilizer management on wheat yield and quality of grain, will help reveal the real of fertilizer and soil nutrients habitats on wheat yield, quality, quality for high-yield wheat. And this will be the structure of decision-making fertilizer and provide a theoretical basis.Wheat grain yield and quality of the formation depends not only on the quality of the genotype, the ecological conditions and the cultivation techniques are more important. Among these effects, soil fertility conditions and fertilizer management on yield and quality are extremely significant. After long-term fertilizer tests, the same types of soil formation of a variety of soil fertility, has provided the extremely advantageous basic requirement for the research of soil fertility and fertilizer management on wheat grain yield and quality.But long-term fertilization on wheat yield and quality of a physiological mechanism rarely reported. Consequently, this test was processed in 2005-2007 at the agriculture science graduate school of the Taihu Suzhou. The material of the test materials was weak gluten wheat Su-9698, the experiment was carried out to study the effect of the application of organic manure mixed with chemical nitrogen fertilizer on the grain yield and quality of wheat, soil nutrient, and got association analysis. To reveal the effect of structure of soil nutrients Habitat differences formed on wheat yield and quality by different fertilizers in Taihu Lake region. The main test results were as follows: 1,The effect of different treatment on soil nutrient contentApplies fertilizer differently processes has the obvious influence to the soil nutrient. Nitrogen content of no-nitrogen fertilizer has been decreasing. In addition to MNK deal with the surface of the lower nitrogen content available, the other organic manure and organic fertilizer mixed with fertilizer use are conducive to the improvement of soil nitrogen content.Organic manure and chemical fertilizers combined application is conducive to the accumulation of phosphorus in soil. Surface phosphorus content significantly increased, after 20 years of farming, phosphorus can move down to 25 cm deep, in 0 ~ 30 cm soil, phosphorus content are no significant difference between no-phosphate fertilizer and C0.Combined application of phosphorus and potassium has greater impact on the soil potassium, and the other potassium content treatments had no significant difference. Straw returning is not effective for soil available potassium, because returning straw to field offered lots of potassium, and the effect of organic manure is not evident in short term experiment.2,The effect of seeds nutrient contentsWheat grain nitrogen content of no-nitrogen fertilizer treatment was significantly lower than nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Straw stalk return the field has the highest nitrogen content of grain, The straw returning is conducive to absorb nitrogen, which may be due to microbial biomass. It proved that soil micro-biomass nitrogen can be used even it was immobilized and it is one kind of patterns to increase N-fertilizer efficiency.Phosphate fertilizer can increase crop yields while, but has not showed that increase grain nitrogen content obviously; under the conditions of the single application of fertilizer, NK combined application of the treatment on a greater impact on grain nitrogen content. Because of lacking phosphate fertilizer, the grain of phosphorus was significantly lower than other treatment, without application of nitrogen fertilizer with phosphorus-containing grains higher than that in organic-N under the conditions of treatment. Although MNPK and MNP treatment can contribute to the improvement of production, the single application of phosphorus in grain low affected. 3,The effect of different treatment on wheat yieldAlmost the all fertilizer tests have confirmed that, after long-term use of fertilizers (organic manure or fertilizer) have increased production trend. Long-term partial application of chemical fertilizers (N, NK, PK, NP) in particular, N, NK, PK processing, crop production decreased significantly. Long-term N, P, K fertilizer mixed with fertilizer, straw returning can get a higher yield, with organic and inorganic fertilizer can also further enhance crop yields.4,The effect of different treatment on wheat qualityDifferent fertilizer structure have affect on wheat quality. Straw returning can enhance the protein content, wet gluten content, the settlement value of wheat grain, leading to decline in starch content. N, P, K and its Combination have significantly effects on wheat quality due to application of organic fertilizers. For example, under organic fertilizer conditions, NP is maximum value of the sedimentation value, and in inorganic fertilizer conditions, NK as the highest. The results show that the application of organic fertilizer will change inorganic fertilizers on quality of wheat.