Studies On Adapability Of Wine Grape Introduction In Chongqing

The grape cultivation of China throughout the country,but mainly in Xinjiang,Hebei, Shandong,Liaoning,Henan,Shanxi,Sichuan,Zhejiang,Shanxi,Jiangsu,Anhui,Hubei,Tianjin, Jilin and other provinces,there are still some grapes grown in Taiwan.Traditionally we have always thought that it is not suitable for grape-growing in the vast areas in southern China. Basically,it lack of large scale of cultivated area except the sporadic grapes were planted in the courtyard before the 1970s in the 20th century.With the development of grape industry,most of China's southern region has planted grapes for table.But it is difficult to grow wine grape variety than to grow table grape of harsh natural condition.It require that the summer is cool and little rainfall in the region,it has strict limit of the effective temperature and average temperature of three-month(July,August and September)and rainfall in the month of maturity.At First,we use two method to identify the shape of seven wine grape varieties in this study.They were Cabernet Sauvignon,Merlot,Gewurztraminer,Chardonnay,Chenin Blanc,Riesling Italian and Yan 73(China,Changyu).The first method is Galet traditional leaf shape structural parameters of measurement method,the other method is the simplest form of observation.Further the single factor experiment with random block design was conducted,with different varieties as factors and each row as a block,repeated three times.Growth status and photosynthesis indexes were studied.The differences and correlations of between the parameters were compared and analyzed.Meanwhile resistances in different varieties were tested.Through the pilot study, summarized actual performance of grape cultivation in the Chongqing area;studied the feasibility of planting wine grape in the Chongqing region and breeding for north of china in winter using of Chongqing's warm weather condition.Which provide theory and practical basis for introducing wine grape varieties into Chongqing.The results show that:Through the first method(Galet grape leaf shape structural parameters identification method)we can identify the species of wine grape;it is effective to identify some wine grape which have obvious characteristics through the second method,but it is difficult to identify some wine grape which have not obvious characteristics.During the seven species in the Chongqing area,Chardonnay has highest the growth potential and disease resistance;Cabernet Sauvignon has better disease resistance and drought tolerance in the same environmental condition;the growth potential and disease resistance of Merlot and Gewurztraminer is the worst;Diseases of Yan 73 is also very serious.Through investigation,we should introduce more wine varieties to do comparing test in the Chongqing for providing practical and theoretical basis to determine whether develop wine grape industry in Chongqing.