Effects Of Density And Nitrogen Amount On Yield And Quality Of High Starch Maize

The influence of environmental condition and cultivation measures on the yield and quality of high-starch maize can lead the underdevelopment of the advantages of variety and affect the large spread. In order to overcome the problem ,this study presented the comparison and studied on the yield and quality by applying five planting densities and four different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer on the two varieties of high-starch maize Jidan 137 and Liaodan 33. The experimental results were as follows:1. The influence of density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and development of high-starch maizeAs the density increasing, the growth period of high-starch maize would be delayed by 2 or 3d. The plant height followed with the increase of density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the stem diameter showed a rapid increase with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer amount at the bell-mouthed period. After the bell-mouthed period, the stem diameter didn't show an obvious increase with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer amount but showed a decrease with the increase of density. While the Leaf Area Index (LAI) was 50 to 70 thousand plants/hm2, the LAI increased with the increase of density before the flowering period, The LAI increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer amount. The content of chlorophyll were less influence by density, but showed a tendency of increase with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer mount from the seedling period to the grain filling period. The photosynthetic rate of ear leaf increased with the increase of nitrogen level, and showed a tendency of decrease with the increase of density.2. The influence of density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield characteristics and yield of high-starch maizeThe ear length, diameter, weight and 100 kernels weight of high-starch maize decreased with the increase of density. The ear weight increased firstly and then decreased with the increase amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and the 100 kernels weight of Jidan 137 increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. The yield increased with the increase amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the kernel yield reached its peak at 330kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer amount. The yield of Liaodan 33 increased firstly and then decreased with the increase amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the kernel yield reached its peak at 70 thousand plants / hm2 of density in the treatment, which showed remarkable differences with the other treatments.3. The influence of density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer on quality index of high-starch maize As the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increasing, the kernel starch content of high-starch maize showed a tendency of increase first then decrease, which reached its peak at the density of 60 thousand plants / hm2 or the amount of nitrogen fertilizer of 210 kg/hm2. The content of protein and fat decreased with the increase of density, it increased with the increase of amount of nitrogen fertilizer and reached its peak at the amount of 330 kg/hm2 in the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer.4 The appropriate density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the production of high-starch maize This paper presented that the yield of high starch Jidan 137 and Liaodan 33 reached their peaks while applying the density of 70 thousand plants / hm2 and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer of 330 kg/hm2. Considering density and nitrogen fertilizer on the content of starch, the starch content of Jidan 137 reached its peak with the density of 60 thousand plants / hm2 and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer of 150 kg/hm2. The starch of Liaodan 33 reached its peak with the density of 60 thousand plants / hm2 and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer of 330 kg/hm2.