Callus Induction Through Anther Culture In Helianthus Annuus And Drought Resistance Selection Of Callus

Different genetypes were used as explants in anther culture of sunflower. Anther calli and embryos induction, selection of induced mediums, restraint of calli browning, selection of semi lethal and 15%PEG6000 drought stress were studied. By establishing anther culture technology and combining of induction which could be used to get better materiials in drought resistance the foundation was set for anther culture, induction breeding, genetic engineering of sunflower. The main results were as follows:1. Inbred lines had higher induction ratios in MS medium with 2.0mg/L 2,4-D, 1.0mg/L KT, and 2.0mg/L NAA. And hybrids had better induction than inbred linds in any mediums. That means not only mediums but also genotypes had important effect on anther culture inductions in sunflower.2. The ratios of auxin and cytokinin which ranged from 2 to 1.5 were good for the inductions of hybrids. And the ratio that auxin:cytokinin=2:1 was good for the inductions of pollen embryos. And anther culture of sunflower must be incuced by culturing with extra hormones.3. The different concentrations of Vc, AC and PVP were used in the mediums to restrain the browning of anther culture. The effect of AC not only restrained browning but also the growth of calli. The browning was restrained effectively by 300mg/L Vc and 0.1g/L PVP which had better effect than 300mg/L Vc.4. The drought resistance of hybrids were better than control according to the results of relative electrical conductivity and content of MDA after DES mutation treatment and 15% PEG6000 drought stress selection of calli.