Morphological Genetics Analysis Of Apis Cerana Cerana Population In Fujian Province

In order to classify populations, reveal genetic relationship between populations and morphological character of each population, and find out formation mechanism of population, morphological genetics analytical method on Apis cerana cerana population was studied using 30 morphometric variables of 3 populations from Fuzhou, Wuyi Mountain and Sichuan. Morphological genetics diversities of Wuyi Mountain and Fuzhou were measured using Stepwise Discriminate Analysis, Cluster Analysis and Principal Components Analysis.Stepwise discriminate analysis was a good method for classification and could test the percentage of correctly classified specimen using Cross-Validation. Cluster analysis could help discriminant analysis reveal the relationship between populations. The Chi-square measure and Ward's method in Cluster analysis had more powerful discriminate ability rather than other commonly used distance and clustering method such as Euclidean distance and Between-groups linkage. A good cluster result could achieve by combining Chi-square measure and Ward's method to analysis data which had bigger interclass difference. While combining Euclidean distance and Ward's method was a good method to analysis data which had smaller interclass difference. Factor analysis was fit for morphological character analysis of each population.Three morphoclusters were revealed among sixteen sample points of Apis cerana cerana in Wuyi Mountain, which were Huanggang Mountain, Masu, Xikeng; Tongmu, Jiandun, Guanping, Tongmuguan, Qiaotou; Aotou, Huaqiao, Gaoqiao, Gexian, Guilin, Da'an, Lanshang, Pikengkou. Principal component analysis performed on the 16 sample means yielded 2 factors with high eigenvalues. In factor 1, mainly representing size variation, the honeybees' size of Huanggang Mountain group was biggest and Aotou group was smallest. The size of honeybee increased with altitude rising. In factor 2, mainly representing wing venation angle variation, the honeybees' wing venation angles of Tongmuguan group were biggest and Aotou group were smallest. Four morphoclusters were revealed among six sample points of Apis cerana cerana in Fuzhou, which were Dongdai; Senlin park; Dahu, Jiufeng, Zhang yongxin1; Zhang yongxin2. Two artificial selected stocks of Apis cerana cerana (Zhang yongxin1 and Zhang yongxin2) were discriminated by morphological analysis with bigger size. Principal component analysis performed on the 6 sample means yielded 2 factors with high eigenvalues. In factor 1, mainly representing size variation, the honeybees' size of Zhang yongxin2 group was biggest and Dongdai group was smallest. The size of honeybee increased with altitude rising. In factor 2, mainly representing wing venation angle variation, the honeybees' wing venation angles of Dongdai and Zhangyongxin2 group were biggest and Senlin Park group was smallest.