The Prevention Of Water Area Desertification And The Elementary Research Of Sustainable Fishery

Along with the economic and social development as well as the increase of population, affected by various factors, China currently is faced with the following problems: serious decline of living aquatic resources, continuous deterioration of aquatic environment, the trend of ecological hungriness of part of water areas, and increasingly serious exotic species invasion. It has become an important and urgent task to cure the desertification of water area. Water area pollution has resulted in continuous deterioration of aquatic environment. In recent years, the quantity of discharged waste water has been increasing in China and main rivers and lakes have been polluted to different degrees. The contents of off-shore organism and inorganic phosphor have been increasing remarkably, inorganic nitrogen in many areas has gone beyond control limits, red tide and other types of natural disasters have occurred frequently, accidents of polluted fishery water areas have been continuously increasing, the function of main spawning grounds, feeding and growing ground of aquatic organisms have degenerated obviously and the productivity of water areas has decreased sharply. Over-fishing has caused serious decline of fishery resources. China has the largest number of fishing vessels and fisher in the world. Since we have used the fishing methods in an extensive way for a long time, the decline of traditional high-quality fishery resources and the low age, small size and low value of catches has become increasingly serious, which result in decrease of fishing efficiency and economic benefit. A number of habitats of aquatic organism have been destroyed by human activities. Water conservancy, hydroelectric station, traffic and shipping as well as sea coast construction works, while creating great economic and social benefit, have caused adverse continuously and the valuable and rare aquatic wildlife is faced with increasingly dangerous situation.The desertification of water area is the degenerative process of water area ecosystem and resulted by the irrational human activities. The desertification of water area emphasis the affect of water area environment and destroy of water area ecosystem by the human activities, such as water area pollution, over-fishing.By the controversy and research of half of the century, the idea of desertification which was advanced in 1949, has been recognized by all the country of the word step by step. Many countries have established the program of action on the prevention and cure of desertification. But the desertification is a new idea, which is strangeness to academe. There are following existing problems on the prevention and cure of the water area desertification. Firstly, the rational human economic activities, such as water pollution, water project, over-fishing destroy the ecosystem of water area seriously. The contradiction between the capacity of environment and the increasing consume of resource is becoming increasingly obvious. Some water area ecosystems take on the non-reversible change and strengthen the risk of water area desertification. Secondly, since there is lack of effective measures, the task on prevention and cure of water area desertification has been embarrassed. The routine measures such as stock enhancement are less, and the benefits hereinbefore are singleness, moreover the research of artificial fish reef, catch quota is immaturity, the feasibility, maneuverability, safety need to be validated. Lastly, due to the fluidness, community and concealment of living aquatic resources, aquatic ecological ecosystem is comparative intricacy, the token of the water area desertification is unconspicuous, and the character is unclear. The water area desertification hasn't been regarded by the people as the desertification. The public consciousness on prevention and cure of water area desertification are dim. The water area environment hasn't been conserved effectively.The aim of this article is to expound the actuality of water area desertification, analyze the reason of water area desertification and the contribute ratio of hereinbefore, analyze the stock enhancement on emphasis. The learned sense of this article is to introduce the reason of water area desertification by the numbers, conclude and summarize the ecological benefit, economic benefit, social benefit of stock enhancement, discuss the direction of stock enhancement, provide the gist for the future. The value in use of this article is to make the governments and the scientific research institution to recognize the benefit of stock enhancement on prevention and cure of water area desertification, provide the advice for government to establish the policy and measure by the numbers.