Experimental Research On The Cultivating Fertilizer And Increasing Yield Effect Of New Soil Amendments

It was a hot issue to study on how to comprehensively utilize waste resources (such as crop straw,coal gangue,construction waste , life slag and ao on ) to product soil amendments and apply proper amount nitrogen fertilizer to achieve the multiple goals of decreasing the use amount of fertilizer, reducing cost, protecting environment and improve agricultural production conditions. Indoor Simulation, pot experiment and field experiment were carried out to systematically research the effect of soil amendments'(straw formula,waste resources formula and puddle formula) effect on cultivating fertilizer and increasing yield. The main results were as follows:(1)Straw formula and waste resources formula soil amendments could effectively reduce soil PH, and increase the content of soil alkali-decomposed nitrogen, available potassium , available phosphorus and rganic matter. Nevertheless, puddle formula soil amendments just had obvious effect on increasing the content of organic matters. As to the plant height and fresh and dry weight, straw formula and waste resources formula soil amendments reached the maximum value at 0.6% level , however the puddle formula treatment appeared at 1% level. It was suggested that the straw formula and waste resources formula soil amentments could be choosed firstly in agricultural production and their suitable application amount was 0.6%.(2)Coupling of soil amendments(straw formula,waste resources formula and puddle formula) and 0.5g/pot nitrogen fertilizer could significantly improve the height, stem diameter, leaf area, biomass, content of chlorophy and total N of corn in pot condition. However, when the application of nitrogen fertilizer reached to 1.0g/pot, the stem diameter and the biomass under ground even decreased. The actor of soil amendment and nitrogen fertilizer had effect on the content of total P, but their interaction didn't effect at the 0.05%level.(3)Coupling of soil amendments(straw formula and waste resources formula) and nitrogen fertilizer could promote the decomposition and transformation of field soil nutrient in 0-20cm and 20-40cm, which would provide a better nutrient environment for the growth of corn. During the whole growth period, the content of soil organic matter, soil alkali-decomposed nitrogen, available potassium in 0-20cm under soil amendments condition increased significantly. The content of soil nutrient in 20-40cm had the same changing trend with that of 0-20cm, however it's absolute content was relatively lower.(4)Straw formula and waste resources formula soil amendments had obviously effect on promoting the growth of corn, increasing the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and content of chlorophy, promoting the the accumulation of dry matters , nutrien tuptake and improving the length, coarseness,earrow number,weight of ear,1000-grain weight and the yield. And coupling of soil amendments and 263kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer could significantly improve these indexes. However, when the application of nitrogen fertilizer reached to 525kg/ha, the difference of each index between 263kg/ha and 525kg/ha treatments were unsignificantly, and even decreased.(5)Under 263kg/ha nutrient condition, the nutrient use efficiency of the treatments with soil amendments increased 46.02%,50.42% respectively compared to that withot soil amendment(25.06%). It were 24.08%,45.96% under 525kg/ha condition and the increasing extent reduced relatively. So, if the soil amendments were used, the amounts of nitrogen fertilizer could be reduced.