Effects Of Recycling Of Waste Branches And Corn Straws On Plant Growth And Soil Fertility In Pear Orchard

Adding microbial agents to the waste branches and corn straws for composting treatment can effectively improve the degradation rate of waste and accelerate the composting maturity.Fully decomposed compost can not only improve soil nutrients,improve tree development,but also recycle resources and reduce environmental pollution.In order to study the relationship between agricultural wastes added microbial agents and soil fertility and tree development in pear orchard,the changes of branch structure and nutrient,the physical and chemical properties of soil,the related enzyme activities,the growth of trees and rootswere analyzed with branches and corn straws as materials,giving the results as follows:1.Through the observation and analysis of fiber components,nutrient content,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,the results showed that the branches with microbial agents had more violent reaction in the degradation process than those with none.It was found that the branches with 1% microbial agents were the most effective on fiber degradation under the condition of 30 ℃,which increased the fiber degradation by34.0% compared with CK-0 treatment.The nutrient changes of Iron,Manganese and Copper were also increased by 66.9%,23.5% and 49.5%,respectively.It was also found that the degradation intensity of hemicellulose and lignin in branches with 4% microbial agentswas the highest at 30 ℃,which was increased by 74.0% and 14.9%,respectively,compared with CK-0 treatment.At 30 ℃,the branch treatment with 2% microbial agent could enhance the nutrient changes of phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium and zinc by 41.1%,17.7%,16.6%,37.8% and 14.1%,respectively.2.The results showed that mulching with different materials could improve soil nutrients and enzyme activities,promote leaf photosynthesis and tree development.Among them,the application effect of fully decomposed composts was better than that of nondecomposed branches.corn straws compost mulching was the best effective on soil heat preservation and increased soil invertase activity in 0-20 cm soil layer,while branch compost mulching could improve soil organic matter and soil available nutrient content,urease activity in 0-20 cm soil layer and sucrase activity in 20-30 cm soil layer.In the photochemical reaction of leaves,the mulching of branch composts had a better effect on the improvement of leaf photosynthesis.Branch composts could not only increase the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and water use efficiency(WUE),but also reduce transpiration rate(Tr)and effectively utilize intercellular carbon dioxide(Ci).Compared with the control,mulching waste could promote the growth and development of roots and trees.The total root length,surface area,number of root tips and root vigor of pear trees were significantlyincreased by 17.08%,17.00%,22.1% and 24.5%,respectively.Corn straws mulching composts could significantly increase the total volume and average diameter of pear trees by40.0% and 39.2%,respectively.3.The results showed that the application of branch composts and corn strawss composts after vertical application of organic composts in pear orchard increased soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity in different soil layers during different periods,but the overall situation was that branch composts were more effective than corn straws composts.Compared with CK,application of corn straws composts and branch composts could promote the growth and development of root system,while the application of branch composts could promote the overall development of root system,and the application of corn straws composts could promote the development of root coarseness;the height and growth rate of trees with two kinds of organic composts were significantly increased,and the number of middle branches was significantly increased by branch composts.The overall data showed that the application of branch composts and corn straws composts could improve soil nutrient content and promote plant growth and development,and the promotion effect of branch composts was better than that of corn straws composts in pear orchard.