Studies On Improvement Of Triticum Polonicum L To Triticum Aestivum L.

Triticum polonicurm L.(2n=28,AABB),a species of Emmer-rei-he Triticum,with prominent excellences of big grain and high protein content,is an important genetic resources in wheat breeding.This study observed its chromosome associate situation in meiosis cytogenetics research of Triticum polonicurm L.to Triticum aestivum L.and tetraploid Triticum.turgidum Lssp turgidum hybrid F₁,examinated HMW-GS and Gliadins in storage protein with A-PAGE and SDS-PAGE technical,discussed the possibility of Triticum polonicurm L.in the applying of Triticum aestivum L.quality breeding.The meaning of the study is to provide theory basis and material base of using these genetic resources to improve Triticum aestivum L.quality.1.The cross of Triticum polonicurm L.with Triticum aestivum L.hybrid fertility was low,it was 14.29%-29.76%.The F₁ was sterile and its average selfed seed set was 20.79%. The F₁ fertility of crossing Triticum polonicurm L.and Triticum.turgidum Lssp turgidum was 34.62%;hight and spike length were between their parents;the seed of F₁ was runtish and its seeding emergence was low;the Weight/1000 grain also is different with the difference of male parent,the Weight/1000 grain of the F₁ derived from crossing Triticum polonicurm L.and Xiaoyan22 is significantly heavier than Xiaoyan22.2.There was 0.64â… in per cell of F₁ derived from Triticum polonicurrn L.×Triticum aestivum L at meiotic metaphaseâ… .The per cell of F₁ derived from Triticum polonicurm L.×Triticum aestivurn L.is 5.93â… at meiotic metaphaseâ… .Syndesis of alien chromosomes formed 0.53â…¢per cell.3.Triticum polonicurm L.has 7+9 HMW-GS,Zhong13 has 7+9 and 2+12 HMW-GS.In hybrid generation of Triticum polonicurm L.×Zhong13,52 materials contained 7+9 subunit, its transmittance was 70.27%;69 materials contained 2+12 subunit,its frequency was 93.24%;50 materials simultaneously had 7+9,2+12 subunits,the transmittance is 67.57%. The subunits of 7,7+8,14 were new.Their frequency were 17.57%,2.70%and 2.70%, respectively.7+8,2+12,7,2+12,7,7+9,14,2+12 were new types of subunit combination,their frequency were 2.70%,18.92%,1.35%and 2.70%,respectively.The BC₁F₂ formed more new subunit and subunit combination than BC₂.4.Triticum polonicurm L.had 13gliadin bands,including 2 bands inαregion,10 bands inβregion,1 bands inγregion and 0 bands inωregion;Zhong13 had 20 gliadin bands, including 2 bands inαregion,13 bands inβregion,3 bands inγregion and 2 bands inωregion.There were abundant variations of gliadin in hybrid generation,and 34 different transport ratio gliadin bands were detected,including 2 bands inαregion,24 bands inβregion,4 bands inγregion and 4 bands inωregion with the average of 15.68.βregion contained the most diverse gliadins andαregion had the least diverse gliadins,and there were 4 bands that parents didn't have.