Studies On The Part Of Quality Improvement Of Triticum Polonicum L To Triticum Aestivum L.

The Triticum polonicurm L(.2n=4x=28=AABB)is the tetraploid bare grain of cultivation wheat,which have many other good agronomic traits ,such as big spike , big grain,good quality , especially its grain protein content of up to 18%.And it is an important genetic resources for breeding new high-yield, high-quality wheat varieties . The study uses electron microscopy to determine the chromosome number of 110 strains which derived from the cross of Triticum polonicurm L.×Zhong 13. HMW-GS was examined by SDS-PAGE technology ,and the HMW-GS composition,the protein content,sedimentation and gluten content of 41 strains derived from the cross of Triticum polonicurm L.×Zhong 13 were determine and analyzed.The possibility of Triticum polonicurm L.to apply in Triticum aestivum L. was discussed to apply these genetic resources reasonably and provide certain theory basis and material base for improving quality Triticum aestivum L..1. Among 110 strains which derived from the cross of Triticum polonicurm L.×Zhong 13 , 3 strains invovle both 42 chromosome or less than 42and 4 strains invovle less than 42and 7 strains exist chromosome variation accounting for 6.36%. Chromosome variation have a significant effect on the number of tiller the time of anthesis .2. Triticum polonicurm L. has 7+9 subunit, and common wheat Zhong 13 has 7+9,2+12 subunits, 110 strains which derived from the cross of Triticum polonicurm L.×Zhong 13 include 106 strains with 7+9 subunits,its frequency is 96.36%, 109 strains have 2+12 subunits,its frequency is 99.09%,104strains have 7+9,2+12 compositions of subunits,its frequency is 94.54%,There emerged 3 new subunits totallywhich is 7,7+8 and 14+15, and their frequencies are 1.82%,1.82%and 0.91%respectively. There emerged 4 new subunit compositions which is 7,2+12,7+8,2+12, 7+9,7+9,14+15 and 2+12 respectively,and their frequencies are1.82%,1.82%,0.91%and 0.91%respectively. the Variance of subunits appeared mainly in BC1F7 strains ,obviously, with the backcross number of the hybrid and zhong 13 to increase, the probability which new subunits and subunit combination appeared would reduced 3. the average protein content, sedimentation and glutens content of strains were all notably greater than that of zhong 13. The average protein content of strains was not different with the CK ,xiaoyan 6, significantly, and there were 5 strains that been higher than the CK . However, the average sedimentation and gluten content of strains were notably lower than that of Xiaoyan 6. Triticum polonicurm L had low sedimentation, but the hybrid offspring showed transgressive inheritance for sedimentation. There was not significant difference between BC1 strains and BC2 strains in average protein content and gluten content. It illustrated that the first backcross generation was not significant with the second backcross generation in protein content and glutens content, but BC1strains have richer variation than BC2 strains.