Influence Of Nitrogen And Irrigation On The Quality, Yield And Physiological Parameters In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L)

The experiment was carried out at the experimental station of the Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Beijing) form September 2006 to June 2007. The mainobjective was to study the influence of nitrogen (N) and irrigation on the quality, yield and physiologicalparameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L).The experiments were included three components: The firstone was two-factor randomized blocks experiment with Luozhen1,KZ6061,Lvmai1,Lvmai2,Jingdong8 and Wanmai38 cultivars. The effects of N supply at different stages on yield, quality andphysiological parameters in wheat with different types of grain color were studied. The second one wassingle-factor randomized blocks experiment with strong gluten wheat (SGW) cultivar Jimai20.Theeffects of N supply at different stages on yield, quality and physiological parameters in SGW werestudied.The third one was single-factor randomized blocks experiment with SGW cultivar Wanmai38.The effects of irrigation at different stages on yield, quality and physiological parameters in SGW werestudied.The results were shown as follows:1. The results of the first experiment was showed that the protein content of N supplied at 5 spring leaf(SL) stage was higher than that at 2 SL stage. Average N content and NRA of leaves in color grainwheat (CGW) were higher than that in white grain wheat (WGW), and therefore CGW had a highlevel of N 0Hmetabolism. The protein content in CGW was higher than that in WGW. Chlorophyllcontent in main function leaves in green grain wheat (GGW) was lower than that in WGW and blackgrain wheat (BGW). The yield of GGW was lower because of the lower 1Hphotosynthetic rate under thelower chlorophyll content.The effects of N supply at different stage on quality and yield had nodifferent among varieties, and N supply on 5 SL stage was better compare with that on 2 SL stage. Nsupply at late stage of wheat growth could increase the differences of total protein content betweenCGW and WGW. N supply had considerable 2Hinfluence on grain yield of GGW and WGW. Nitrogenstrategies were very important for improve processing quality of BGW.2. The results of the second experiment was showed that for SGW cultivar Jimai20, N supply at anthesiscould suppress chlorophyll's degrading, and keep the activity of nitrate reductase (NRA) at high level,and prolong the functional stage of the leaf. Total protein content increased with delaying of N supplystage and reached maximum at anthesis. N supply from 6 SL stage to anthesis resulted in higherprocessing quality parameters. N supply at anthesis could improve protein yield and grain yieldcoordinately.3. Irrigation from 5SL stage to 6 SL stage increased the chlorophyll content and NRA in flag leaves ofWanmai38, and relieved the drought. Total protein content in tillers (form 1st tiller to 3rd tiller) washigher than that in main shoot, and both of them were reduced along with delaying of irrigation stage.Irrigation from anthesis to filling stage could 3Hcause an adverse impact on protein content, and reducesedimentation volume and gluten content.The yield was increased along with delaying of irrigationstage. Irrigation from 6 SL stage to early filling stage was benefit for improving yield.